Abstract
Genetic effects and genotype by environment (GE) interaction effects for some important agronomic traits of Chinese vegetable mustard were analyzed by using a genetic model including additive, dominance, additive × additive effects and their interaction effects with the environment. Four variations of Chinese vegetable mustard as parental lines and their F1s, F2s were evaluated in two locations. It was revealed that the agronomic traits of Chinese vegetable mustard were mainly controlled by genetic effects except plant weight (PW) and leaf weight (LW) were observed to be more affected by GE interaction effects. Among the genetic effects, additive effects took the main proportion for tiller number (TN), leaf number (LN), leaf breadth (LB) and LW; dominance effects were the main components of PW, leaf length (LL), root weight (RW) and plant height (PH); additive × additive effects were the main components of plant breadth (PB). Among the GE interaction effects, additive × environment interaction effects mainly affected LB, LW and RW, while PW, LL, PH and PB were mainly controlled by dominance × environment interaction effects. Besides, additive × additive × environment interaction was the main factor, which controlled TN and LN of Chinese vegetable mustard. For heterosis analyses, TN, LN, LB and LW of Chinese vegetable mustard showed positive HPM and negative HPB. The other traits showed positive HPM and HPB. Heterosis arising from GE interaction was found to varying degree for different environments. It was shown that genetic heterosis and GE interaction effects were important factors for agronomic traits in Chinese vegetable mustard.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Chen GB, Zhu J (2003) http://ibi.zju.edu.cn/bcl/software/index.html
Cox TS, Murphy JP (1990) The effect of parental divergence on heterosis in winter wheat crosses. Theor Appl Genet 79:241–250. doi:10.1007/BF00225958
Engqvist GM, Becker HC (1991) Heterosis and epistasis in rapeseed estimated from generation means. Euphytica 58:31–35. doi:10.1007/BF00035337
Knight R (1973) The relation between hybrid vigour and genotype × environment interaction. Theor Appl Genet 43:318–322. doi:10.1007/BF00275258
Lionneton E, Aubert G, Ochatt S, Merah O (2004) Genetic analysis of agronomic and quality traits in mustard (Brassica juncea). Theor Appl Genet 109:792–799. doi:10.1007/s00122-004-1682-0
Liu PY (1996) Chinese mustard. Agricultural Publishing House of China, Peking, pp 46–54
Miller RG (1974) The Jackknife, a review. Biometrika 61:1–15
Negi MS, Devic M, Delseny M, Lakshimikumaran M (2000) Identification of AFLP fragments linked to seed coat colour in Brassica juncea and conversion to a SCAR marker for rapid selection. Theor Appl Genet 101:146–152. doi:10.1007/s001220051463
Oram RN, Kirk JTO, Veness PE, Hurlstone CJ, Edlington JP, Halsall DM (2005) Breeding Indian mustard [Brassica juncea (L.) Czern.] for cold-pressed, edible oil production—a review. Aust J Agric Res 56:581–596. doi:10.1071/AR04295
Shi CH, Zhu J, Zang RC, Chen GL (1997) Genetic and heterosis analysis for cooking quality traits of indica rice in different environments. Theor Appl Genet 95:294–300. doi:10.1007/s001220050562
Stuber CW, Lincoln SE, Wolff DW, Helentjaris T, Lander ES (1992) Identification of genetic factors contributing to heterosis in a hybrid from two elite maize inbred lines using molecular markers. Genetics 132:823–839
Tong NK, Chen SR (1992) Genetic study on some important characters of vegetable mustard. Acta Hortic Sin 19(2):151–156 (in Chinese)
Viana JMS, Cruz CD, Cardoso AA (1999) Theory and analysis of partial diallel crosses. Genet Mol Biol 22:591–599
Virmani SS, Aquino RC, Khush GS (1982) Heterosis breeding in rice (Oryza sativa L.). Theor Appl Genet 63:373–380. doi:10.1007/BF00303911
Xu ZC, Zhu J (1999) An approach for predicting heterosis based on the additive, dominance and additive × additive model with environment interaction. Heredity 82:510–517. doi:10.1038/sj.hdy.6884800
Young JB, Virmani SS (1990) Heterosis in rice over environments. Euphytica 51:87–93. doi:10.1007/BF00022896
Zeng GP, Cao SC (1998) Genetic studies of some important characters in non-heading Chinese cabbage. Analysis of genetic effects and heritability for 15 agronomic characters. J Nanjing Agric Univ 21(1):31–35 (in Chinese)
Zhu J (1993) Methods of predicting genotype value and heterosis for offspring of hybrids. J Biomath 8:32–44
Zhu J (1997) Analysis methods for genetic models. Agricultural Publishing House of China, Peking, pp 88–91
Zhu J, Weir BS (1994) Analysis of cytoplasmic and maternal effects. I. A genetic model for diploid plant seeds and animals. Theor Appl Genet 89:153–159
Zhu J, Weir BS (1996) Diallel analysis for sex-linked and maternal effects. Theor Appl Genet 92:1–9. doi:10.1007/BF00222944
Acknowledgments
Our work was supported by a grant from the National Natural Science Foundation of China (NSFC, 30571270). We are grateful Shaoxing Academy of Agricultural Science of Zhejiang province for providing us experiment locations. We appreciate Dr. Hai-Ming Xu and Dr. Mikio Nakazono, for their generous advice and support in the study. The authors are very grateful to two anonymous referees for their helpful and valuable suggestions.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Qi, XH., Yang, JH., Yu, JQ. et al. Genetic and heterosis analysis for important agronomic traits of Chinese vegetable mustard (Brassica juncea) in different environments. Genetica 136, 89–95 (2009). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10709-008-9316-0
Received:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10709-008-9316-0