Skip to main content

Advertisement

Log in

Producing/consuming memoryscapes: the genesis/politics of Second World War commemoration in Singapore

  • Published:
GeoJournal Aims and scope Submit manuscript

    We’re sorry, something doesn't seem to be working properly.

    Please try refreshing the page. If that doesn't work, please contact support so we can address the problem.

Abstract

Despite the salience of the Second World War in paving the way for Singapore to attain formal independent status in 1965, it was not until the 1990s that war events were inserted into the state’s narratives, and ‘mapped’ onto its spaces as visible national fodder to bind citizens together. Since then, memoryscapes in many forms have proliferated over the state’s cityscape. After tracing the genesis of official war commemorative gestures within Singapore, the paper examines the ways in which Singaporeans have responded to them. Specifically, the paper argues that, while Singaporeans recognize the importance of remembering the war as nationally significant, this has not translated into any physical attempt or desire—beyond the discursive—to participate in the state’s commemorative endeavours. In analyzing factors that may have hindered the actual bodily practice of war remembrance in Singapore, nationalized war memoryscapes are also seen as embodying numerous politics due to tensions arising from a collision between what the state and its people perceive to be ideal means of remembering and representing the war within national discourses in the context of the present.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Fig. 1
Fig. 2
Fig. 3
Fig. 4

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  • Ashplant, T., Dawson, G., & Roper, M. (2000). The politics of war memory and commemoration: Contexts, structures and dynamics. In T. Ashplant, G. Dawson, & M. Roper (Eds.), The Politics of War Memory and Commemoration (pp. 3–86). London: Routledge.

    Google Scholar 

  • Blackburn, K. (2000). The collective memory of the Sook Ching massacre and the creation of the Civilian War Memorial of Singapore. Journal of the Malaysian Branch of the Royal Asiatic Society, 73(2), 71–90.

    Google Scholar 

  • Blackburn, K. (2001). The historic war site of the Changi Murals: A place for pilgrimages and tourism. Journal of the Australian War Memorial, 34, 1–15.

    Google Scholar 

  • Charlesworth, A. (1994). Contesting places of memory: The case of Auschwitz. Environment and Planning D: Society and Space, 12, 579–593.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Chou, C. (1995). Beyond the empires. Singapore: Oral History Department.

    Google Scholar 

  • Cooke, S. (2000). Negotiating memory and identity: The Hyde Park Holocaust memorial, London. Journal of Historical Geography, 26(3), 449–465.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Delyser, D. (1999). Authenticity on the ground: Engaging the past in a California ghost town. Annals of the Association of American Geographers, 89(4), 602–632.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Dwyer, O. (2000). Interpreting the Civil Rights Movement: Place, memory, conflict. Professional Geographer, 54(4), 660–671.

    Google Scholar 

  • Foster, J. (2004). Creating a temenos, positing ‘South Africanism’, material memory, landscape practice and the circulation of identity at Delville Wood. Cultural Geographies, 11, 259–290.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Fujitani, T., White, G., & Yoneyama, L. (2001). Perilous memories: The Asia-Pacific Wars. London: Duke University Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Gough, P. (2000). From heroes’ groves to parks of peace: Landscapes of remembrance, protest and peace. Landscape Research, 25(2), 213–228.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Gough, P. (2004). Sites in the imagination: The Beaumont Hamel Newfoundland Memorial on the Somme. Cultural Geographies, 11, 235–258.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Hong, L., & Huang, J. L. (2003). The scripting of Singapore’s national heroes: Toying with Pandora’s box. In A. T. Ahmad, & L. E. Tan (Eds.), New terrains in Southeast Asian History (pp. 219–248). Singapore: Singapore University Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Johnson, N. (1995). Cast in stone: monuments, geography and nationalism. Environment and Planning D: Society and Space, 13, 51–65.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Johnson, N. (1999). The spectacle of memory: Ireland’s remembrance of the Great War. Journal of Historical Geography, 25(1), 36–65.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Kong, L. (1999). Cemeteries and columbaria, memorials and mausoleums: narrative and interpretation in the study of deathscapes in geography. Australian Geographical Studies, 37(1), 1–10.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Kong, L., & Yeoh, B. S. A. (1994). Urban conservation in Singapore: A survey of state policies and popular attitudes. Urban Studies, 31, 247–265.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Kong, L., & Yeoh, B. S. A. (2003). The politics of landscapes in Singapore: Constructions of “Nation”. New York: Syracuse University Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Kratoska, P. (1995). Malaya and Singapore during the Japanese Occupation. Journal of Southeast Asian Studies, Singapore.

  • Morris, M. (1997). Gardens ‘For Ever England’: Landscape, identity and the First World War British cemeteries on the Western Front. Ecumene, 4(4), 410–434.

    Google Scholar 

  • Murfett, M. H., Miksic, J. N., Farrell, B. P., & Chiang, M. S. (1999). Between two oceans: A military history of Singapore from first settlement to final British withdrawal. New York: Oxford University Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Muzaini, H., & Yeoh, B. S. A. (2005a). Reading representations of women’s war experiences in the Changi Chapel and Museum, Singapore. Geoforum, 36, 465–476.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Muzaini, H., & Yeoh, B. S. A. (2005b). Contesting ‘local’ war commemoration of the Second World War: the case of the Changi Chapel and Museum in Singapore. Australian Geographer, 36(1), 1–17.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Muzaini, H., & Yeoh, B. S. A. (2005c). War landscapes as ‘battlefields’ of collective memories: reading the Reflections at Bukit Chandu, Singapore. Cultural Geographies, 12, 346–365.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • National Archives of Singapore (NAS) (1996). The Japanese occupation, 1942–1945: A pictorial record of Singapore during the War. Singapore: Times Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Radcliffe, S., & Westwood, S. (1996). Remaking the nation: Place, identity and politics in Latin America. London: Routledge.

    Google Scholar 

  • Singapore Department of Statistics (2000). Singapore Census of Population. Singapore: Department of Statistics.

  • Straits Times, Various issues. Singapore: Singapore Press Holdings.

  • Wong, D. (2001). Memory suppression and memory production the Japanese Occupation of Singapore. In T. Fujitani, G. White, & L. Yoneyama (Eds.), Perilous memories: the Asia-Pacific wars (pp. 218–238). London: Duke University Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Yeoh, B. S. A., & Huang, S. (1996). The conservation-redevelopment dilemma in Singapore: the case of the Kampong Glam Historic District. Cities 13(6), 411–422.

    Article  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Hamzah Muzaini.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Cite this article

Muzaini, H. Producing/consuming memoryscapes: the genesis/politics of Second World War commemoration in Singapore. GeoJournal 66, 211–222 (2006). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10708-006-9030-3

Download citation

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10708-006-9030-3

Keywords

Navigation