Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Variations in growth in haemoglobin genotypes of Atlantic cod

  • Published:
Fish Physiology and Biochemistry Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

In the present paper are described the growth properties of three different haemoglobin genotypes of juvenile Atlantic cod (Gadus morhua) reared at 7, 10, 13 and 16 °C. In addition one group was reared under “temperature steps” i.e. moved successively from 16 to 13 and 10 °C. The genotype Hb-I(2/2)displayed the overall highest growth rate in the temperature range 13–16 °C, whereas the Hb- I(1/1)genotype showed the highest overall growth at the lowest temperature (7 °C). Accordingly, we found a significant interaction between genotype and temperature. The differences in growth were largest when cod were reared under the temperature step regime where the Hb-I(2/2)genotype displayed 17 and 24% higher growth than Hb-I(1/1)and Hb-I(1/2),respectively. Optimal temperature for growth (Topt.G) varied between the genotypes with the genotype Hb-I(1/2)displaying the highest (mean ± SE) Topt.G (14.5 ± 1:0.8 °C) and Hb-I(1/1)the lowest (12.5 ± 0.2 °C). The biological significance of this link between biochemical genetic variation and physiological properties might be the influences on growth pattern, ultimate size and age at first maturity.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  • B. Björnsson (1999) ArticleTitleIs the growth rate of Icelandic cod (Gadus morhua) food limited? A comparison between pen-reared cod and wild cod living under similar thermal conditions Rit Fiskideildar 16 271–279

    Google Scholar 

  • B. Björnsson A. Steinarsson M. Oddgeirsson (2001) ArticleTitleOptimal temperature for growth and feed conversion of immature cod (Gadus morhuaL.). ICES J Mar. Sci. 58 29–38

    Google Scholar 

  • K.M. Brander (1995) ArticleTitleThe effect of temperature on growth of Atlantic cod (Gadus morhuaL.). ICES J Mar. Sci. 52 1–10

    Google Scholar 

  • J.R. Brett (1979) Environmental factors and growth W.S. Hoar D.J. Randall J.R. Brett (Eds) Fish Physiology Vol VIII.Bioenergetics and Growth. Academic Press New York 599–675

    Google Scholar 

  • O. Brix E. Forås I. Strand (1997) ArticleTitleGenetic variation and functional properties of Atlantic cod hemoglobins: introducing a modified tonometric method for studying fragile hemoglobins Comp. Biochem. Physiol. 119 575–583

    Google Scholar 

  • J.A. Brown G. Minkoff V. Puvanendran (2003) ArticleTitleLarviculture of Atlantic cod (Gadus morhua): progress, protocols and problems Aquaculture 227 357–372 Occurrence Handle10.1016/S0044-8486(03)00514-3

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • R.C. Chambers T.J. Miller (1995) Evaluating fish growth by means of otolith increment analysis special properties of individual-level longitudinal data D.H. Secor J.M. Dean S.E. Campana (Eds) Recent Developments in Fish Otolith Research. University of South Carolina Press Colombia South Carolina 155–175

    Google Scholar 

  • M.L. Cuenco R.R. Stickney W.E. Grant (1985) ArticleTitleFish bioenergetics and growth in aquaculture ponds: II Effects of interactions among size, temperature, dissolved oxygen, unionized ammonia and food on growth of individual fish. Ecol. Mod. 27 191–206 Occurrence Handle10.1016/0304-3800(85)90002-X

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • J.-D. Dutil Y. Lambert (2000) ArticleTitleNatural mortality from poor conditions in Atlantic cod (Gadus morhua).Can J. Fish Aquact. Sci. 57 826–836 Occurrence Handle10.1139/cjfas-57-4-826

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • D.S. Falconer (1989) Introduction to Quantitative Genetics EditionNumber3 Longman Scientific and Technical. Essex UK

    Google Scholar 

  • M. Fonds R. Cronie A.D. Vethaak P. Puyl Particlevan der (1992) ArticleTitleMetabolism, food consumption and growth of plaice (Pleuronectes platlessa) and flounder (Platlichthys flesus) in relation to fish size and temperature Neth. J. Sea Res. 29 127–143 Occurrence Handle10.1016/0077-7579(92)90014-6

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • O.I. Forsberg (1995) ArticleTitleEmpirical investigations on growth of post-smolt Atlantic salmon (Salmo salarL.) in land-based farms Evidence of a photoperiodic influence. Aquaculture 133 235–248

    Google Scholar 

  • B. Gjerde B.F. Terjesen Y. Barr I. Lein I. Thorland (2004) ArticleTitleGenetic variation for juvenile growth and survival in Atlantic cod (Gadus morhua) Aquaculture 236 167–177 Occurrence Handle10.1016/j.aquaculture.2004.03.004 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DC%2BD2cXktVCisL0%3D

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • K. Glover G. Nyhammer G. Nævdal E. Otterlei S. Thorkilsen (1997) ArticleTitleStudies on genotype dependent growth in juvenile cod (Gadus morhua) reared at different temperatures and light regimes Dept. Fish. Mar. Biol. Rep. Ser. 1997 IssueID8 13

    Google Scholar 

  • J.L Hintze (1996) PASS Users Guide NCSS Kaysville

    Google Scholar 

  • A.K. Imsland (1999) ArticleTitleSexual maturation in turbot (Scophthalmus maximus) is related to genotypic oxygen affinity: experimental support to Pauly’s (1984) juvenile-to-adult transition hypothesis ICES J. Mar. Sci. 56 320–325 Occurrence Handle10.1006/jmsc.1999.0470

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • A.K. Imsland L.M. Sunde A. Folkvord S.O. Stefansson (1996) ArticleTitleThe interaction between temperature and size on growth of juvenile turbot J. Fish Biol. 49 926–940

    Google Scholar 

  • A.K. Imsland O. Brix G. Nævdal E.N. Samuelsen (1997) ArticleTitleHemoglobin genotypes in turbot (Scophthalmus maximusRafinesque), their oxygen affinity properties and relation with growth Comp. Biochem. Physiol. 116 157–165 Occurrence Handle10.1016/S0300-9629(96)00203-4

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • A.K. Imsland T. Nilsen A. Folkvord (1998) ArticleTitleStochastic simulation of size-variation in turbot: possible causes analysed with an individual based model J. Fish Biol. 53 237–258

    Google Scholar 

  • A.K. Imsland A. Foss S.O. Stefansson G. Nævdal (2000) ArticleTitleHemoglobin genotypes of turbot (Scophthalmus maximus): variation in growth and optimal temperature for growth Fish Physiol. Biochem. 23 75–61 Occurrence Handle10.1023/A:1007815402911 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DC%2BD3cXovVagt7Y%3D

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • A.K. Imsland Jónsdóttir D.B. Ó (2003) ArticleTitleLinking population genetics and growth of Atlantic cod Rev. Fish Biol. Fish. 13 1–26 Occurrence Handle10.1023/A:1026373509576

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • T.M. Jonassen A.K. Imsland S.O. Stefansson (1999) ArticleTitleThe interaction of temperature and size on growth of juvenile Atlantic halibut J. Fish Biol. 54 556–572

    Google Scholar 

  • Jørstad, K.E. 1984. Genetic analyses of cod in northern Norway. In: The propagation of cod Gadus morhuaL. Edited by E. Dahl, D.S. Danielsen, E. Moksness and P. Solemdal. Flødevigen Rapportserie 1: 745–760.

  • K.E. Jørstad G. Nævdal (1989) ArticleTitleGenetic variation and population-structure of cod, Gadus morhua,in some fjords in northern Norway J. Fish Biol. 35 IssueID(Suppl. A 245–252

    Google Scholar 

  • K.E. Jørstad G. Nævdal (1994) ArticleTitleStudies on associations between genotypes and growth rate in juvenile cod ICES Mar. Sci. Symp. 198 671–675

    Google Scholar 

  • A.K. Karpov G.G. Novikov (1980) ArticleTitleHemoglobin alloforms in cod, Gadhus morhua (Gadiformes, Gadidae), their functional characteristics and occurrence in populations J. Ichthyot 20 45–50

    Google Scholar 

  • J. Mork R. Giskeødegård G. Sundnes (1984a) ArticleTitlePopulation genetic studies in cod (Gadus morhuaL.) by means of the haemoglobin polymorphism; observation in a Norwegian coastal population FiskDir. Skr. Ser. HavUnders. 17 449–471

    Google Scholar 

  • Mork J., Giskeødegård R. and Sundnes G. (1984b). The haemoglobin polymorphism in Atlantic cod (Gadus morhuaL.): genotype differences in somatic growth and in maturing age in natural population. In: The Propagation of Cod Gadus morhuaL. Edited by E. Dahl, D.S. Danielsen, E. Moksness and P. Solemdal. Flødevigen rapportserie1: 721–732.

  • G. Nævdal A. Folkvord E. Otterlei S. Thorkildsen (1992) ArticleTitleGrowth rate related to genotype of 0-group cod at three environmental temperatures Sarsia 77 71–73

    Google Scholar 

  • A.A. Rosenberg A.S. Haugen (1982) ArticleTitleIndividual growth and size-selective mortality of larval turbot (Scophthalmus maximus) reared in enclosures Mar. Biol. 72 73–77 Occurrence Handle10.1007/BF00393950

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • E.N. Samuelsen A.K. Imsland O. Brix (1999) ArticleTitleOxygen binding properties of three different hemoglobin genotypes in turbot, Scophthalmus maximusRafinesque Fish Physiol. Biochem. 20 135–141 Occurrence Handle10.1023/A:1007755525270 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DyaK1MXjtFCgsb4%3D

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • K.R. Torrissen (1991) ArticleTitleGenetic variation in growth rate of Atlantic salmon with different trypsin-like isozyme patterns Aquaculture 93 299–312 Occurrence Handle10.1016/0044-8486(91)90222-S

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • K.R. Torrissen K.D. Shearer (1992) ArticleTitleProtein digestion, growth and food conversion in Atlantic salmon and Arctic charr with different trypsin-like isozyme pattterns J. Fish Biol. 41 409–415 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DyaK3sXhs1GmtLY%3D

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • J.H. Zar (1984) Biostatistical Analysis EditionNumber2 Prentice-Hall Inc. Englewood Cliffs

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Akvaplan-niva Iceland Office, Akralind, 4,201, Kópavogur, Iceland

    A. K. Imsland

  2. Akvaplan-niva Bergen, Nordnesboder 5, 5005, Bergen, Norway

    A. Foss

  3. Department of Biology, University of Bergen, High Technology Centre, 5020, Bergen, Norway

    G Nævdal, T Johansen, A Folkvord & S. O. Stefansson

  4. Stolt Sea-Farm ASA, Bredalsmarken 15/17, 5836, Møhlenpris, Bergen, Norway

    T. M. Jonassen

Authors
  1. A. K. Imsland
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. A. Foss
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. G Nævdal
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  4. T Johansen
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  5. A Folkvord
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  6. S. O. Stefansson
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  7. T. M. Jonassen
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to A. K. Imsland.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Cite this article

Imsland, A.K., Foss, A., Nævdal, G. et al. Variations in growth in haemoglobin genotypes of Atlantic cod. Fish Physiol Biochem 30, 47–55 (2004). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10695-004-6787-5

Download citation

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10695-004-6787-5

Keywords

Search

Navigation