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Reaction of Phaseolus spp. genotypes to ashy stem blight caused by Macrophomina phaseolina

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Abstract

Ashy stem blight (ASB) caused by Macrophomina phaseolina (Tassi) Goidanich (Mp) is a devastating seed-transmitted disease in common bean in the tropics. The identification of resistant cultivars throughout the cropping season contributes to disease management. Resistance is found in the primary and tertiary gene pools. Our objectives were to determine (1) the reaction of Phaseolus spp. genotypes to two Mp isolates at vegetative and reproductive stages, (2) the area under disease progress curve (AUDPC), and (3) resistant plants per genotype at harvest. Twenty-three genotypes from different origins were planted in the greenhouse in 2016 and 2017. One less-aggressive Mp (PRJD16) and one more-aggressive (PRI16) isolate were inoculated one and three times, respectively, by the cut-stem method. ‘Beníquez’, ‘Othello’, and ‘Verano’ were highly susceptible (mean scores >8.0, and AUDPC values from 264.6 to 300.8) to both isolates. BAT 477 and NY6020-4 were intermediate (5.6 and 6.2; AUDPC: 161.6 and 187.1) to PRJD16 and susceptible (7.4 and 8.2; AUDPC: 209.4 and 235.1) to PRI16. Resistant genotypes (mean scores ≤3) were not identified in this study. However, A 195, ‘Badillo’, and ‘PC 50’ possessed lower mean scores (4.3–5.4) and AUDPC values (126.4–150.9) to both isolates. Furthermore, A 195 had the highest percentage of resistant plants (55.6%) followed by PC 50, I9365-31, and PI 321637 (27.8%) to PRJD16 at harvest. Thus, the identification of resistant parents across Phaseolus species is necessary to increase the levels of ASB resistance in common bean cultivars throughout the entire cropping season.

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Abbreviations

ASB:

Ashy stem blight

AUDPC:

Area under disease progress curve

Mp :

Macrophomina phaseolina

QTL:

Quantitative trait locus or loci

RIL:

Recombinant inbred line(s)

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Acknowledgments

We thank Dr. Howard Schwartz for the review and valuable comments to this manuscript. The authors also thank Dr. James Beaver and the USDA gene bank at Pullman, Washington for providing seeds of the genotypes used in this study.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Crops and Agro-Environmental Sciences, University of Puerto Rico, Isabela Research Substation, 2090 Av. Militar, Isabela, PR, 00662, USA

    Diego M. Viteri

  2. Department of Crops and Agro-Environmental Sciences, University of Puerto Rico, Lajas Research Substation, Carr. 101 Km 18.5 Barrio Palmarejo, Lajas, PR, 00667, USA

    Angela M. Linares

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  1. Diego M. Viteri
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  2. Angela M. Linares
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Correspondence to Diego M. Viteri.

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Viteri, D.M., Linares, A.M. Reaction of Phaseolus spp. genotypes to ashy stem blight caused by Macrophomina phaseolina . Euphytica 213, 199 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10681-017-1989-y

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