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Use of genomic and phenotypic selection in lines for prediction of testcrosses in maize II: grain yield and plant traits

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Abstract

Plant breeders have been trying to predict the performance of hybrids based on their parental performance. One application of molecular markers is its use in selection. The objectives were to map quantitative trait loci (QTL) and verify its congruence in maize lines and in their testcrosses and verify the possibility to select testcrosses from the predicted means of the lines by using information from markers. Two-hundred and fifty six lines and the testcrosses of these lines with two testers were evaluated in six environments, considering grain yield, plant lodging, days to anthesis and silking, anthesis-silking interval, plant and ear height and ear placement. QTL were mapped in the lines and in testcrosses and the predicted means of the lines were computed based on QTL effects and in all markers of the genome. The congruence of QTL detected in the lines and testcrosses were small for all traits. The correlations between the predicted means of the lines and the phenotypic means of the testcrosses ranged from low for grain yield to moderate for cycle and stature traits. The highest coincidences of the lines and selected testcrosses were observed for cycle and stature traits and the lowest for grain yield. Even by using molecular markers information, it is only possible to predict the testcrosses performance from the lines information to less complex traits and with reduced dominance effect. For complex traits and with pronounced dominance effect, information of markers must be obtained directly in the testcrosses, so they can be used for selection.

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Acknowledgements

This research was supported by “Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq-140964/2006-1)” and by the Department of Genetics at the Agriculture College “Luiz de Queiroz”-University of São Paulo. C. L. Souza Jr. and G. V. Môro are recipient of a research fellowship from CNPq. The authors are grateful to Dr. Anete Pereira de Souza, from the University of Campinas for the genetic mapping of the population, and to A.J. Desidério, A.S. Oliveira, C.R. Segatelli, and for their assistance with the field experiments.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Plant Production, School of Agricultural and Veterinarian Sciences, São Paulo State University (Unesp), Jaboticabal, SP, 14884-900, Brazil

    Gustavo Vitti Môro

  2. Embrapa Beef Cattle, Plant Production Group, Campo Grande, MS, 79106-550, Brazil

    Mateus Figueiredo Santos

  3. Department of Genetics, University of São Paulo, P.O. Box 83, Piracicaba, SP, 13400-970, Brazil

    Cláudio Lopes de Souza Jr.

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  1. Gustavo Vitti Môro
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  2. Mateus Figueiredo Santos
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  3. Cláudio Lopes de Souza Jr.
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Correspondence to Gustavo Vitti Môro.

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Môro, G.V., Santos, M.F. & de Souza, C.L. Use of genomic and phenotypic selection in lines for prediction of testcrosses in maize II: grain yield and plant traits. Euphytica 213, 128 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10681-017-1915-3

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