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Production of Brassica tri-genomic vegetable germplasm by hybridisation between tuber mustard (Brassica juncea) and red cabbage (B. oleracea)

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Abstract

Brassica is a key agricultural genus, containing oilseed and vegetable crops sharing three major genomes (A, B and C) distributed in diploid (genome: AA, BB and CC) and allotetraploid (genome: AABB, AACC and BBCC) species. Interspecific hybridisation between Brassica species is an important way to combine valuable characters of different species. In the present study, interspecific hybrids between tuber mustard (AABB) and red cabbage (CC) were obtained with the aid of embryo culture. The results showed that ovules at five different maturity levels (7, 9, 10, 13 and 14 days after pollination), which were cultured on Murashige and Skoog medium supplemented with 3 % sucrose, 0.2 % active carbon and 400 mg/L glutamine, showed varying seed survival rates. A total of 15 (5 %) seeds were obtained, with ovules cultured at 14 days after pollination yielding the most seeds. Subsequently, eight (53 %) of the seeds did not germinate into normal plants. Furthermore, the putative hybrids were confirmed by random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) and flow cytometry analysis, and only one (14 %) of the seven plants was confirmed to be a true tri-genomic hybrid (genome: ABC). Then the nodal segments of the true hybrid were treated with liquid medium supplemented with colchicine to obtain an allohexaploid, as confirmed by flow cytometry analysis and morphological observation. The synthesized hybrid showed unique phenotypes in comparison with the parents, such as in stem colour and leaf margin. The synthesized Brassica tri-genomic vegetable germplasm with A, B and C genomes has potential as a source of new crops for agriculture as well as a basis for further investigation of the mechanisms of Brassica evolution and adaptation.

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Acknowledgments

This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant no. 31401862) and the Key Science and Technology Innovation team of the Zhejiang province (Grant no. 2013TD05).

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The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Horticulture, Institute of Vegetable Science, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, No.866 Yuhangtang Road, Hangzhou, 310058, Zhejiang, People’s Republic of China

    Junxing Li, Linli Rao, Muhammad Awais Ghani & Liping Chen

  2. Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plants Growth, Development and Biotechnology, Agricultural Ministry of China, Hangzhou, 310058, People’s Republic of China

    Junxing Li, Linli Rao, Muhammad Awais Ghani & Liping Chen

  3. Ningbo City Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Ningbo, 315040, People’s Republic of China

    Qiufeng Meng

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  1. Junxing Li
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  2. Linli Rao
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  4. Muhammad Awais Ghani
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  5. Liping Chen
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Correspondence to Liping Chen.

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Li, J., Rao, L., Meng, Q. et al. Production of Brassica tri-genomic vegetable germplasm by hybridisation between tuber mustard (Brassica juncea) and red cabbage (B. oleracea). Euphytica 204, 323–333 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10681-014-1336-5

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