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Starch characterisation and variability in GBSS loci of synthetic hexaploid wheats and their durum and Aegilops tauschii parents

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Abstract

Greater variability in starch properties is found in lower ploidy wheats than in commercial hexaploid wheats. This paper reports on the starch properties and variability in granule bound starch synthase (GBSS) loci of 17 diploid (Aegilops tauschii) and 12 tetraploid (durums) potential progenitors of wheat, compared with 29 synthetic hexaploid wheats produced from such progenitors. Starch properties examined were granule size distribution, swelling power, amylose content, gelatinisation and amylose-lipid dissociation properties. A PCR screening method was able to detect the presence or absence of each of the three GBSS genes. It also detected polymorphisms in eight diploids and nine hexaploids, all displaying the same 25 bases deletion in the D genome allele of GBSS. Two tetraploids and five hexaploids were null 4A for GBSS. There was little difference in the amylose contents and amylose-lipid dissociation peak temperatures of the synthetic hexaploids and the lower ploidy wheats. The synthetic hexaploids showed intermediate swelling power values with the durums giving the highest swelling powers. The durums also had higher B granule contents than the A. tauschii accessions, but not as high as the synthetics. However, the A. tauschii samples gave the highest gelatinisation peak temperatures. The presence of the null 4A mutation was positively correlated with swelling power, amylose content and DSC measurements. The new smaller D genome allele of GBSS was associated with slightly higher swelling power. These results confirm the value of wheat progenitor lines as sources of new starch properties for hexaploid wheat.

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Acknowledgments

Funding for this research from the Grains Research and Development Corporation is gratefully acknowledged. This work comprised part of C. K.-R.’s University of Sydney PhD research program. We thank A. Mujeeb Kazi and O. S. Abdalla, CIMMYT, Mexico, for the synthetic hexaploid wheats, durums and A. tauschii; R. A. McIntosh and N. Barnes, University of Sydney, Plant Breeding Institute, Cobbitty, for help with propagation; Graham Crosbie, Western Australian Department of Agriculture, and Zhonglin Zhen, BRI Australia, for providing the control varieties; Ann Briney, Murdoch University, Western Australia for the PCR primer sequences and schedule; Tony Blakeney and Margret Martin for support and use of their rice thresher at Yanco Agricultural Institute; Tas Westcott and Ada De Palo, Arnott’s Research Centre, for support and use of the DSC; and David Abbott, Claudia Kammer, Young-Kwang Lee, Andrew Pedler, Michele Ritchie, Tony Rose and Steven Zounis for technical assistance.

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  1. R. Appels

    Present address: Murdoch University, Murdoch, WA, 6150, Australia

  2. R. Moss

    Present address: Allied Mills Australia, Summer Hill, NSW, 2130, Australia

  3. D. R. Marshall

    Present address: , Cooks Hill, NSW, 2300, Australia

  4. F. L. Stoddard

    Present address: Department of Applied Biology, University of Helsinki, P.O. Box 27, Helsinki, 00014, Finland

Authors and Affiliations

  1. CSIRO Plant Industry, GPO Box 1600, Canberra, ACT, 2601, Australia

    C. M. Konik-Rose, S. Rahman & R. Appels

  2. BRI Australia Ltd, P.O. Box 7, North Ryde, NSW, 1670, Australia

    R. Moss & G. McMaster

  3. Plant Breeding Institute, The University of Sydney, PMB 11, Camden, NSW, 2570, Australia

    D. R. Marshall & F. L. Stoddard

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  1. C. M. Konik-Rose
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Konik-Rose, C.M., Rahman, S., Appels, R. et al. Starch characterisation and variability in GBSS loci of synthetic hexaploid wheats and their durum and Aegilops tauschii parents. Euphytica 167, 203–216 (2009). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10681-008-9864-5

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