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Genetic diversity of European spelt wheat (Triticum aestivum ssp. spelta L. em. Thell.) revealed by glutenin subunit variations at the Glu-1 and Glu-3 loci

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Summary

High and low molecular weight glutenin subunit (HMW-GS and LMW-GS) compositions of 270 European spelts, 15 Iranian spelts and 25 bread wheat cultivars were analyzed by one- and two-dimensional gel electrophoresis. The results revealed a total of 22 HMW-GS alleles (4 at Glu-A1, 11 at Glu-B1 and 7 at Glu-D1) and 32 allele combinations among the three Glu-1 loci. Two major genotypes of HMW-GS: 1, 13+16, 2+12 and 1, 6.1+22.1, 2+12 were found to occur in Central European spelt wheat cultivars and landraces at higher frequencies of 35 and 28%, respectively. The Glu-B1 locus displayed the greatest variation and genetic diversity index (H) was 0.69 whereas Glu-A1 and Glu-D1 showed H index values of 0.26 and 0.19, respectively. The dendrogram constructed by HMW and LMW glutenin subunit bands revealed that European spelts form a separated cluster from common wheat suggesting that spelt and common wheat form distinct groups. In addition, all 15 Iranian spelt land variety accessions differed from European spelts and possessed similar HMW-GS alleles to common wheat. Because of a wider polymorphism Central European spelt wheats are an important genetic reserviour for improving common wheat quality.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Key Laboratory of Genetics and Biotechnology, College of Life Science, Capital Normal University, Beijing, 100037, China

    Xueli An, Qiaoyun Li, Yueming Yan & Yinghua Xiao

  2. Division of Plant Breeding and Applied Genetics, Technical University of Munich, D85350, Freising-Weihenstephan, Germany

    S.L.K. Hsam & F.J. Zeller

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  1. Xueli An
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  2. Qiaoyun Li
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  3. Yueming Yan
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  4. Yinghua Xiao
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  5. S.L.K. Hsam
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  6. F.J. Zeller
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Correspondence to Yueming Yan or F.J. Zeller.

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Both authors contributed equally to this work

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An, X., Li, Q., Yan, Y. et al. Genetic diversity of European spelt wheat (Triticum aestivum ssp. spelta L. em. Thell.) revealed by glutenin subunit variations at the Glu-1 and Glu-3 loci. Euphytica 146, 193–201 (2005). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10681-005-9002-6

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10681-005-9002-6

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