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Tourism, renewable energy and CO2 emissions: evidence from Europe and Central Asia

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Abstract

In this study, we explore the relationship between tourism, renewable energy and CO2 emissions in Europe and Central Asia countries over the period 1990–2015. Using two-step GMM estimator, we find that tourism has positive effect on CO2 emissions, while renewable energy reduces carbon emissions. For example, when renewable electricity production increases by 10 percentage points, CO2 per capita emissions decrease by 4.1%. Our results also suggest that GDP per capita has inverted U-shaped relationship with environmental degradation in ECA region, confirming existence of Environmental Kuznets curve (EKC) phenomena in this region.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Tashkent State University of Economics, Tashkent, Uzbekistan

    Raufhon Salahodjaev & Kongratbay Sharipov

  2. Akfa University, Tashkent, Uzbekistan

    Raufhon Salahodjaev

  3. Tashkent State Technical University, Tashkent, Uzbekistan

    Nizomiddin Rakhmanov

  4. Tashkent State University of Law, Tashkent, Uzbekistan

    Dilshod Khabirov

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  1. Raufhon Salahodjaev
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Correspondence to Raufhon Salahodjaev.

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Salahodjaev, R., Sharipov, K., Rakhmanov, N. et al. Tourism, renewable energy and CO2 emissions: evidence from Europe and Central Asia. Environ Dev Sustain 24, 13282–13293 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10668-021-01993-x

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