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The impact of quad tourism: a preventive action for the Mediterranean

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Abstract

The Mediterranean region attracts annually more than 400 million tourists. In recent decades, quad tourism has grown, favoured by poor regulations. Environmental impacts of off-road vehicles have been widely studied in the USA, but not in the Mediterranean. This paper addresses that gap through a literature review on the impacts of motorized recreation, and an analysis of the current implementation of quad tourism in the region and of advertising topics. Main impacts were reported on soils, vegetation and wildlife. We have registered 337 quad agencies in 20 Mediterranean countries, with important concentrations in some regions. Half agencies promote their tours with images driving out of the trails, 22% crossing rivers, 9% driving on the beach, 7% on dunes and 23% sell the activity as an extreme adventure. It is necessary a stronger authorization framework, including the environmental impact assessment of these activities, more involvement of tour operators in environmental protection and greater education of the participants about the impacts of off-road driving and the importance of their behaviour. Further research in the region is also convenient.

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  1. Draba Ingeniería y Consultoría Medioambiental, San Lorenzo de El Escorial, Spain

    Álvaro Enríquez-de-Salamanca

  2. Departamento de Biodiversidad, Ecología y Evolución, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madid, Spain

    Álvaro Enríquez-de-Salamanca

  3. Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Nacional de Educación a Distancia, Madrid, Spain

    Álvaro Enríquez-de-Salamanca

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Enríquez-de-Salamanca, Á. The impact of quad tourism: a preventive action for the Mediterranean. Environ Dev Sustain 23, 9454–9476 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10668-020-01036-x

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