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Climate change and food security: a Sri Lankan perspective

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Abstract

There is growing concern in Sri Lanka over the impact of climate change, variability and extreme weather events on food production, food security and livelihoods. The link between climate change and food security has been mostly explored in relation to impacts on crop production or food availability aspects of food security, with little focus on other key dimensions, namely food access and food utilization. This review, based on available literature, adopted a food system approach to gain a wider perspective on food security issues in Sri Lanka. It points to several climate-induced issues posing challenges for food security. These issues include declining agriculture productivity, food loss along supply chains, low livelihood resilience of the rural poor and prevalence of high levels of undernourishment and child malnutrition. Our review suggests that achieving food security necessitates action beyond building climate resilient food production systems to a holistic approach that is able to ensure climate resilience of the entire food system while addressing nutritional concerns arising from impacts of climate change. Therefore, there is a pressing need to work towards a climate-smart agriculture system that will address all dimensions of food security. With the exception of productivity of a few crop species, our review demonstrates the dearth of research into climate change impacts on Sri Lanka’s food system. Further research is required to understand how changes in climate may affect other components of the food system including productivity of a wider range of food crops, livestock and fisheries, and shed light on the causal pathways of climate-induced nutritional insecurity.

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Fig. 1

Source Esham and Garforth (2013b)

Fig. 2

Source Adapted from Ericksen (2008)

Fig. 3

Source World Food Programme and Ministry of Economic Development (2015)

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Agribusiness Management, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences, Sabaragamuwa University of Sri Lanka, Belihuloya, Sri Lanka

    Mohamed Esham & Hewage Sunith Rohitha Rosairo

  2. Institute for Sustainable Futures, University of Technology Sydney, Level II, UTS Building 10, 235 Jones Street, Ultimo, NSW, Australia

    Brent Jacobs

  3. The University of Tokyo Institutes for Advanced Study (UTIAS), Integrated Research System for Sustainability Science (IR3S), The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8654, Japan

    Balde Boubacar Siddighi

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Esham, M., Jacobs, B., Rosairo, H.S.R. et al. Climate change and food security: a Sri Lankan perspective. Environ Dev Sustain 20, 1017–1036 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10668-017-9945-5

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