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Interplay of phosphorus doses, cyanobacterial inoculation, and elevated carbon dioxide on yield and phosphorus dynamics in cowpea

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Abstract

Phosphorus (P) demand is likely to increase especially in legumes to harness greater benefits of nitrogen fixation under elevated CO2 condition. In the following study, seed yield and seed P uptake in cowpea increased by 26.8% and 20.9%, respectively, under elevated CO2 level. With an increase in phosphorus dose up to 12 mg kg−1, seed yield enhanced from 2.6 to 5.4 g plant−1. P application and cyanobacterial inoculation increased the microbial activity of soil, leading to increased availability of P. Under elevated CO2 condition, microbial activity, measured as dehydrogenase, acid phosphatase, and alkaline phosphatase activities showed stimulation. Soil available P also increased under elevated CO2 condition and was stimulated by both P application and cyanobacterial inoculation. Higher P uptake in elevated CO2 condition led to lower values of inorganic P in soil. Stepwise regression analysis showed that aboveground P uptake, soil available P, and alkaline phosphatase activity of soil influenced the yield while available P, and organic and inorganic P influenced the aboveground P uptake of the crop. This study revealed that under elevated CO2 condition, P application and cyanobacterial inoculation facilitated P uptake and yield, mediated through enhanced availability of nutrients, in cowpea crop.

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Acknowledgements

The first author thanks the PG School and Director, ICAR-IARI, for providing a fellowship during the course of study. Partial funding was obtained from the National Innovations in Climate Resilient Agriculture, Indian Council of Agricultural Research.

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  1. ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, 110 012, India

    Sumit Kumar Dey, B. Chakrabarti, T. J. Purakayastha, Radha Prasanna, R. Mittal, S. D. Singh & H. Pathak

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  1. Sumit Kumar Dey
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  2. B. Chakrabarti
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Correspondence to B. Chakrabarti.

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Supplementary Figure 1

Aboveground P uptake in cowpea crop as affected by elevated CO2 and P doses. (PDF 271 kb)

Supplementary Figure 2

Effect of elevated CO2, cyanobacterial inoculation and phosphorus doses on dehydrogenase activity (μg TPF g−1d−1) in soil under Cowpea crop. [T1: ambient CO2, without cyanobacterium, 0 mg kg−1 P, T2: ambient CO2, without cyanobacterium, 8 mg kg−1 P, T3: ambient CO2, without cyanobacterium, 12 mg kg−1 P, T4: ambient CO2, without cyanobacterium, 16 mg kg−1 P, T5: ambient CO2, without cyanobacterium, 20 mg kg−1 P, T6: ambient CO2, with cyanobacterium, 0 mg kg−1 P, T7: ambient CO2, with cyanobacterium, 8 mg kg−1 P, T8: ambient CO2, with cyanobacterium, 12 mg kg−1 P, T9: ambient CO2, with cyanobacterium, 16 mg kg−1 P, T10: ambient CO2, with cyanobacterium, 20 mg kg−1 P, T11: elevated CO2, without cyanobacterium, 0 mg kg−1 P, T12: elevated CO2, without cyanobacterium, 8 mg kg−1 P, T13: elevated CO2, without cyanobacterium, 12 mg kg−1 P, T14: elevated CO2, without cyanobacterium, 16 mg kg−1 P, T15: elevated CO2, without cyanobacterium, 20 mg kg−1 P, T16: elevated CO2, with cyanobacterium, 0 mg kg−1 P, T17: elevated CO2, with cyanobacterium, 8 mg kg−1 P, T18: elevated CO2, with cyanobacterium, 12 mg kg−1 P, T19: elevated CO2, with cyanobacterium, 16 mg kg−1 P, T20: elevated CO2, with cyanobacterium, 20 mg kg−1 P] (PDF 99 kb)

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Dey, S.K., Chakrabarti, B., Purakayastha, T.J. et al. Interplay of phosphorus doses, cyanobacterial inoculation, and elevated carbon dioxide on yield and phosphorus dynamics in cowpea. Environ Monit Assess 191, 223 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10661-019-7378-3

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