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Acanthus ilicifolius L. a promising candidate for phytostabilization of zinc

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Abstract

The potential of a halophyte species—Acanthus ilicifolius L.—to phytostabilize zinc (Zn) grown under hydroponics culture conditions was critically evaluated in this study. The propagules after treating with ZnSO4 (4 mM) were analysed for the bioaccumulation pattern, translocation rate of Zn to the shoot, effects of Zn accumulation on organic solutes and the antioxidant defence system. It was found that most of the Zn absorbed by the plant was retained in the root (47%) and only a small portion was transported to stem (12%) and leaves (11%). This is further confirmed by the high BCFroot (bioconcentration factor) value (1.99) and low TFshoot/root (translocation factor) value (0.5), which indicates the increased retention of Zn in the root itself. Moreover, treatment with Zn resulted in an increased accumulation of organic solutes (proline, free amino acids and soluble sugars) and non-enzymatic antioxidants (ascorbate, glutathione and phenol) in the leaf and root tissue. Likewise, the activity of antioxidant enzymes namely superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), guaiacol peroxidase (GPX) and ascorbate peroxidase (APX) recorded an enhanced activity upon exposure to Zn as compared to the control plants. Thus, the increased tolerance for Zn in A. ilicifolius may be attributed to the efficient free radical scavenging mechanisms operating under excess Zn. In addition, being a high accumulator (53.7 mg of Zn) and at the same time a poor translocator of Zn to the aerial parts of the plant, A. ilicifolius can be recommended as a potential candidate for the phytostabilization of Zn in the contaminated wetlands.

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Acknowledgements

The first author is indebted to the Department of Science and Technology (DST), New Delhi, for the financial assistance through award of INSPIRE fellowship. The Centre for Water Resources Development and Management (CWRDM), Calicut, Kerala, is gratefully acknowledged for providing Atomic Absorption Facility (AAS) essential for this research work.

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  1. Plant Physiology and Biochemistry Division, Department of Botany, University of Calicut, C.U. Campus P.O, Kerala, 673635, India

    A. M. Shackira, Jos T. Puthur & E. Nabeesa Salim

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Correspondence to Jos T. Puthur.

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S1

Effect of ZnSO4 on total chlorophyll, carotenoid content and RWC of Acanthus ilicifolius L. cultured in Hoagland solution. The data are the average of recordings from three independent experiments, each with a minimum of 3 replicates (i.e. n = 3 × 3). The data represent mean ± S.E. (DOCX 12 kb)

S2

Effect of different concentrations of ZnSO4 in the morphology of Acanthus ilicifolius L. cultured in Hoagland solution. (JPEG 5903 kb)

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Shackira, A.M., Puthur, J.T. & Nabeesa Salim, E. Acanthus ilicifolius L. a promising candidate for phytostabilization of zinc. Environ Monit Assess 189, 282 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10661-017-6001-8

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