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Assessment and sources of heavy metals in surface sediments of Miyun Reservoir, Beijing

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Abstract

Heavy metals concentrations in surface sediments from Miyun Reservoir were determined to evaluate the pollution and identify the sources. The average content of metals in sediments from Miyun Reservoir followed the order Al>Fe>Ti>Mn>V>Zn>Cr>Ni>Cu>Pb>As>Cd>Hg, and the most mean values were lower than the globe average shale. Heavy metals concentrations at the inflow area of Baihe were higher than those at the inflow area of Chaohe. Heavy metals pollution assessment was carried out by factor enrichment (EF), geoaccumulation index (I geo), and potential ecological risk (RI). The EF values for all heavy metals except Hg, Cd, and Cr at several sites were lower than 3, suggesting low anthropogenic impact on the metals level. The I geo values of Pb indicated that half of the sites were unpolluted to moderately polluted and mainly located in the Baihe area of the reservoir. The RI showed that heavy metals of Miyun Reservoir were low potential risk, however, Hg approached or belonged to moderate ecological risk at sites of M5, M7, and M13. Correlation analysis and principal component suggested that Ni, Cu, V, Zn, Mn, Cr, Ti, and Pb were derived from soil erosion in upper reaches of the reservoir, while Fe, Cd, Hg, As, and partial Pb originated from anthropogenic sources, particularly industrial mining and gold tailings.

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Acknowledgments

We thank the Division for Water Administration Supervision of Miyun Reservoir Management Office for helping us to collect samples. Furthermore, we thank Feng Jinguo, Huang Xingxing, and Xie Yuqian for their assistance with field sampling. This study was funded by the National Science Foundation of China (41173113).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Key Laboratory of Resource Environment and GIS of Beijing Municipal, Capital Normal University, Beijing, 100048, China

    Xianfang Zhu, Hongbing Ji, Yan Chen & Mingming Qiao

  2. Civil and Environmental and Engineering School, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing, 100083, China

    Hongbing Ji & Lei Tang

  3. Beijing Geo-engineering Design and Research Institute, Beijing, 101500, China

    Lei Tang

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  1. Xianfang Zhu
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Correspondence to Hongbing Ji.

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Zhu, X., Ji, H., Chen, Y. et al. Assessment and sources of heavy metals in surface sediments of Miyun Reservoir, Beijing. Environ Monit Assess 185, 6049–6062 (2013). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10661-012-3005-2

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