Skip to main content

Advertisement

SpringerLink
Log in

Integrated assessment of brick kiln emission impacts on air quality

  • Published:
Environmental Monitoring and Assessment Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

This paper presents monitoring results of daily brick kiln stack emission and the derived emission factors. Emission of individual air pollutant varied significantly during a firing batch (7 days) and between kilns. Average emission factors per 1,000 bricks were 6.35–12.3 kg of CO, 0.52–5.9 kg of SO2 and 0.64–1.4 kg of particulate matter (PM). PM emission size distribution in the stack plume was determined using a modified cascade impactor. Obtained emission factors and PM size distribution data were used in simulation study using the Industrial Source Complex Short-Term (ISCST3) dispersion model. The model performance was successfully evaluated for the local conditions using the simultaneous ambient monitoring data in 2006 and 2007. SO2 was the most critical pollutant, exceeding the hourly National Ambient Air Quality Standards over 63 km2 out of the 100-km2 modelled domain in the base case. Impacts of different emission scenarios on the ambient air quality (SO2, PM, CO, PM dry deposition flux) were assessed.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  • AIRPET-VN, Asian Regional Air Pollution Research Network (2007). Regional program on environmental and technology (ARRPET): Improving air quality in Vietnam, Annual report 2006, submitted to AIT- Sida.

  • Blackman, A. (2000). Informal sector pollution control: What policy options do we have? World Development, 28(12), 2067–2082.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Brick Industry Association (2006). Technical notes on brick construction. Manufacturing of brick. http://www.bia.org/BIA/technotes/t9.htm.

  • CAI-Asia (2008). Clean air initiative for Asia cities. Clean brick making technology—success of VSBK in Kathmandu. http://www.cleanairnet.org/caiasia/1412/article-70695.html.

  • Co, H. X., Dung, N. T., Le, H. A., An, D. A., Chinh, K. V., & Kim Oanh, N. T. (2009). Integrated management strategies for brick kiln emission reduction. International Journal of Environmental Studies, 66(1), 113–124.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Dung, B. T., & Son, T. T. (2004). Low cost roads working paper no. 16: Clay brick paving investigations in Vietnam. MoT, TEDI, Intech Associates. http://www.transport-links.org/transport_links/filearea/documentstore/312_Working%20Paper16b.pdf.

  • FAO (1993). Regional Wood Energy Development Programme in Asia. Status and development issues of the brick industry in Asia. Bangkok: FAO.

    Google Scholar 

  • Ferdausi, S. A., Vaideeswaran, S., & Akbar, S. (2008). Greening brick making industries in Bangladesh. Presentations at the Better Air Quality Conference, Nov. 12–14, 2008, Bangkok, Thailand.

  • General Statistics Office (2005). Statistical yearbook of Vietnam 2005. Statistical, Hanoi.

  • Kim Oanh, N. T., Upadhyay, N., Zhuang, Y. H., Hao, Z. P.,Murthy, D. V. S., Lestari, P., Villarin, J. T., et al. (2006). Particulate air pollution in six Asian cities: Spatial and temporal distributions, and associated sources. Atmospheric Environment, 40, 3367–3380.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Le, H. A. (2007). Integrated monitoring—modeling tool to develop air quality management strategies for a brick kiln manufacturing community in Vietnam. AIT Master thesis, EV-07-14, Asian Institute of Technology, Bangkok, Thailand.

  • MONRE, Ministry of Natural Resources and Environment of Vietnam (2005). Vietnam environmental standards. Hanoi: MONRE.

    Google Scholar 

  • RERIC, Regional Energy Resources Information Center (2003). Small and medium scale industries in Asia: Energy and environment, brick and ceramic sectors. Bangkok: Asian Institute of Technology.

    Google Scholar 

  • Singh, A. L., & Asgher, M. S. (2005). Impact of brick kilns on land use/landcover changes around Aligarh city, India. The Journal of Habitat International, 29, 591–602.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • US EPA (1986). Modified method 5 (method 0010) sampling train, revision 0, September 1986. Washington, DC: US EPA.

    Google Scholar 

  • US EPA (1995). User’s guide for the Industrial Source (ISC3) Dispersion Model. Vol. I, user instructions. Washington, DC: US EPA.

    Google Scholar 

  • US EPA (1999). PCRAMMET user’s guider. Washington, DC: US EPA.

    Google Scholar 

  • Wark, K., Warner, C. F., & Davis, W. T. (1998). Air pollution: Its origin and control, 3rd edn. New York: Harper Collins.

    Google Scholar 

  • Zhang, Z. (1997). Energy efficiency and environmental pollution of brick making in China. Energy, 22(1), 33–42.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Environmental Engineering and Management, Asian Institute of Technology (AIT), Pathumthani, 12120, Thailand

    Hoang Anh Le & Nguyen Thi Kim Oanh

Authors
  1. Hoang Anh Le
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Nguyen Thi Kim Oanh
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Nguyen Thi Kim Oanh.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Cite this article

Le, H.A., Oanh, N.T.K. Integrated assessment of brick kiln emission impacts on air quality. Environ Monit Assess 171, 381–394 (2010). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10661-009-1285-y

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10661-009-1285-y

Keywords

Search

Navigation