Abstract
Heavy metals in honey are of interest not only for quality control, but also for determination environmental contamination. The objective of this work was to determine distribution of the levels of selected heavy metals. Levels of copper (Cu), cadmium (Cd), manganese (Mn), Iron (Fe), magnesium (Mg) and nickel (Ni) in honey samples (21) in Kahramanmaraş region were determined by atomic absorption spectrometer (AAS). The mean values for Cu, Cd, Mn, Fe, and Mg were 0.01, 0.32, 0.03, 0.36 and 10.45 ppm, respectively. Nickel was not detected in honey samples. Kahramanmaraş honey samples were not free of heavy metals but the levels of them were found well below the permitted levels. The results suggested that honey may be useful for assessing the presence of environmental contaminants.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Abu-Tarboush, H., Al-Kahtani, H. and El-Sarrage, M.: 1993, ‘Floral type identification and quality evaluation of some honey types’ Food Chem. 46, 13–17.
Anonymous: 1982, ‘Analytical methods for Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer’, Perkin Elmer Manuel, Fish Products, 4–5.
Anonymous: 1994, Encyclopedia Britannica, Encyclopedia Britannica Inc., Chicago (in Turkish).
Anonymous: 1995, ‘Annual statistics of Republic of Turkey for 1994’, DİE, Devlet İstatistik Enstitüsü Ankara, Turkey (in Turkish).
Anonymous: 1997, DİE, Devlet İstatistik Enstitüsü, Ankara, Turkey (in Turkish).
Anonymous: 2003, ‘Honey Rescript’, Turkish Alimentarus Codex, The official gazette of the Republic of Turkey, 25180 (in Turkish).
AOAC: 1984, Methods of Analysis, 14th edn. Association of Official Analytical Chemists, Washington, DC.
Bariŝić, D., Vertaénik, A., Bromenshenk, J. J., Kezić, N., Lulić, S., Hus, M., Kraljević, P., Śimpraga, M. and Seletković, Z.: 1999, ‘Radionuclides and selected elements in soil and honey from Gorski Kotar, Croatia’, Apidologie 30, 277–287.
Bogdanov, S., Zimmerli, B. and Erard, M.: 1985, ‘Heavy metals in honey. Mitteilungen aus dem Gebiete der Lebensmitteluntersuchung und Hygiene 77, 153–158 (in German).
Bromenshenk, J. J. and Carlson, S. R.: 1985, ‘Pollution monitoring of Pugget Sound with honey bees’, Science 227, 632–634.
Buliński, R., Wyszogrodzka-Koma, L. and Marzec, Z.: 1995, ‘Badanie zavartości niektó rych pierwiasytkwóśladowych w produktach spozywczych krajowega pochodzenia’ (Study of some trace elements content of home food products), Brom. Chem. Toksykol. 28 (2), 151.
Celli, G.: 1984, ‘L'Ape come insetto test della salute di un territorio’, Apicolt. Mod 75, 133–140.
Conti, M. E.: 2000, ‘Lazio region (central Italy) honeys: A survey of mineral content and typical quality parameters’ Food Control 11, 459–463.
Crane, E.: 1975, ‘Honey: A Comprehensive Survey’. William Heinemann in co-operation with International Bee Research Association, London.
D'Ambrosio, M. and Marchesini, A.: 1982, ‘Heavy metal contamination of honey’, Atti Soc. Ital. Sci. Nat. 123(2–3), 342–348 (in Italian).
Dobrzański, Z., Roman, A., Górecka, H. and Kolacz, R.: 1994, ‘Zawartość pierwiastków szkodliwych oraz makro-i mikroelementów w miodach pszczelich z rejonów skazeń przemyslowych’ (Metals and micro and macroelements content of beehoney gained from the areas contained by industrial plants), Brom. Chem. Toksykol. 27 (2), 157.
Gajek, O., Nabrzyski, M. and Gajewska, R.: 1987, ‘Metallic impurities in imported canned fruit and vegetables and bee honey’, Roczniki Panstwowego Zakladu Higieny 38 (1), 14–20 (in Polish).
Hoefel, I.: 1985, ‘Heavy metals in bees and bee products’, Apidologie 16, 196–197.
Ivanov, T. S. and Chervenokova, L.: 1984, ‘Contents of some macro, oligo and micro elements in honey, royal jelly and fower pollen’ Zhivotnov'dni Nauki 21(6), 65–68.
Jones, K. C.: 1987, ‘Honey as an Indicator of heavy metal contamination’, Water Air Soil Pollut. 33, 179–189.
Kump, P., Necemer, M. and Ŝnajder, J.: 1996, ‘Determination of trace elements in bee honey, pollen and tissue by total reflection and radioisotope X-ray fluorescence spectrometry’, Spectrochim. Acta B 51, 499–507.
Latorre, M. J., Peńa, R., Pita, C., Botana, A., García, S. and Herrero, C.: 1999, ‘Chemometric classification of honeys according to their type. II. Metal content data’, Food Chem. 66, 263–268.
Leita, L., Muhlbachova, G., Cesco, S., Barbattini, R. and Mondini, C.: 1996, ‘Investigation of the use of honey bees and honey bee products to assess heavy metals contamination’, Environ. Monit. Asses. 43, 1–9.
Lower, E. S.: 1987, ‘Honey, its properties and uses 1’, Brit. Food J. 89 (938), 60–62.
Morse, R. A. and Lisk, D. J.: 1980, ‘Elemental analysis of honeys from several nations’, Amer. Bee J. 120, 522.
Öztürk, M., Dalgıç, R. and Gemici, Y.: 1989, ‘Pollen and chemical analysis of honey from the Aegean region of Turkey’, J. Facul. Sci. Ege Univ., Series B 11(6), 11–16.
Przybyłowski, P. and Wilczyńska, A.: 2001, ‘Honey as an environmental marker’ Food Chem. 74 289–291.
Rodriguez-Otero, J. L., Pasrio, P., Simal, J., Terradillos, L. and Cepeda, A.: 1992, ‘Determination of Na, K, Ca, Mg, Cu, Fe, Mn and total cationic milliequvalents in Spanish commercial honeys’, J. Agri. Res. 31 (2), 65–69.
Rodriguez-Otero, J. L., Pasrio, P., Simal, J. and Cepeda, A.: 1994, ‘Mineral content of the honeys produced in Galicia (north–west Spain)’ Food Chem. 49, 169–171.
Sevimli, H., Bayülgen, N. and Varinlıoĝlu, A.: 1992, ‘Determination of trace elements in honey by INAA (instrumental neutron activation analysis) in Turkey’ J. Radioanalyt. Nuc. Chem. (in Turkey) 165 (5), 319–325
Üren, A., Şerifoĝlu, A. and Sarıyahya, Y.: 1998, ‘Distribution of elements in honeys and effect of a thermoelectric power plant on the element contents’, Food Chem. 61, 185–190.
Yılmaz, H. and Yavuz, Ö.: 1999, ‘Content of some trace metals in honey from south–eastern Anatolia’, Food Chem. 65, 475–476.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Erbilir, F., Erdoĝrul, Ö. Determination of Heavy Metals in Honey in Kahramanmaraş City, Turkey. Environ Monit Assess 109, 181–187 (2005). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10661-005-5848-2
Received:
Accepted:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10661-005-5848-2