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Selection of host plants for vector transmission assays of citrus variegated chlorosis strains of Xylella fastidiosa subsp. pauca

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Abstract

The vector-borne bacterium Xylella fastidiosa subsp. pauca is the etiological agent of important plant diseases, such as citrus variegated chlorosis (CVC). Biological studies are relatively scarce for CVC, in part because citrus is a low titer woody host, in which X. fastidiosa has a long incubation period and low transmission efficiency by vectors. To optimize transmission bioassays, this study was conducted to: i) identify herbaceous plants that allow rapid multiplication and systemic colonization of CVC strains; and ii) evaluate the herbaceous hosts for feeding and survival of the sharpshooter vector, Bucephalogonia xanthophis (Berg), and as indicators of infection after vector inoculation. Mechanical inoculations showed systemic colonization of X. fastidiosa in seven plant species, with higher rates of infection mainly in Catharanthus roseus. The lowest vector mortality was observed on C. roseus, Medicago sativa and Ocimum basilicum. The highest feeding rate was verified on O. basilicum, followed by M. sativa and C. roseus. Infections after vector inoculation were detected in C. roseus, M. sativa, O. basilicum and S. americanum. Among the plant species tested, C. roseus proved to be the most suitable experimental plant for transmission assays with CVC strains of X. fastidiosa subsp. pauca.

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Acknowledgments

This work is part of the first author’s master thesis, who received a fellowship from ‘Brazilian National Council for Scientific and Technological Development’ (CNPq Proc. No.131523/2013-9). The last author also received fellowship from CNPq (Proc. No. 310554/2016-0). The second author received a fellowship from ‘Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior’ - Brasil (CAPES) - Finance Code 001.

Funding

This research was funded by the Brazilian National Council for Scientific and Technological Development’ (CNPq) and by ‘Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior’ - Brasil (CAPES).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Departamento de Entomologia e Acarologia, Escola Superior de Agricultura “Luiz de Queiroz” (ESALQ), Universidade de São Paulo (USP), Piracicaba, São Paulo (SP), 13418-900, Brazil

    Mariana B. Esteves & João R. S. Lopes

  2. Departamento de Fitotecnia e Fitossanidade, Universidade Federal do Paraná, Curitiba, Paraná, 80035-050, Brazil

    Heloisa T. Kleina

  3. Instituto Federal do Pará, Castanhal, Pará, 68740-970, Brazil

    Tiago de M. Sales

Authors
  1. Mariana B. Esteves
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  2. Heloisa T. Kleina
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  3. Tiago de M. Sales
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  4. João R. S. Lopes
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Contributions

All authors contributed to the study conception and design. The first draft of the manuscript was written by the first author and all coauthors commented on previous versions of the manuscript. All authors read and approved the final manuscript.

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Correspondence to Mariana B. Esteves.

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This article does not contain any studies with participants or animals performed by any of the authors.

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Esteves, M.B., Kleina, H.T., de M. Sales, T. et al. Selection of host plants for vector transmission assays of citrus variegated chlorosis strains of Xylella fastidiosa subsp. pauca. Eur J Plant Pathol 158, 975–985 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10658-020-02134-2

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