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Pathogenicity of indole-3-acetic acid producing fungus Fusarium delphinoides strain GPK towards chickpea and pigeon pea

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Abstract

An indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) producing fungal strain was isolated from chickpea grown rhizospheric soil samples. Based on morphological and Internal Transcribed Spacer (ITS) region sequence analysis the new isolate was identified as Fusarium delphinoides. The Fusarium delphinoides strain produces and secretes IAA in-vitro as identified by HPLC and Mass spectrometry. The IAA production is dependent on tryptophan (Trp) as a nitrogen source in the medium. The IAA production is influenced by growth conditions such as pH of the medium, concentration of Trp and the nature of the carbon source. Additional nitrogen sources repress Trp dependent IAA production. Glucose and Trp served as the best carbon and nitrogen sources respectively. Pathogenicity of Fusarium delphinoides towards the plants was tested by electrolyte, nutrient leakage analysis and also by scoring the disease symptoms. Two cultivars of chickpea (ICCV-10 and L-550) and two cultivars of pigeon pea (Maruti and PT-221) were assessed for the pathogenicity by inoculating with spores of Fusarium delphinoides. The inoculation induced symptoms of Fusarium wilt as in the case of Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. ciceris (FOC), a known pathogen causing Fusarium wilt in chickpea. Electrolyte and nutrient leakage from the infected plants were used to assess the resistance, tolerance (moderately resistance) and susceptibility of the plants to the infection. Based on the results, both the pigeon pea cultivars (Maruti and PT-221) were rated as resistant, and ICCV-10 was rated as a tolerant cultivar of chickpea. However, chickpea cultivar L −550 was found to be a susceptible host for infection by Fusarium delphinoides. These results suggest that Fusarium delphinoides, which belongs to the Fusarium dimerum species group, is an IAA producing plant pathogen and causes wilt in chickpea. Further, along with pathogenicity tests, electrolyte and nutrient leakage analysis can be used to assess the pathogenicity of pathogenic fungi.

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Abbreviations

IAA:

Indole-3-acetic acid

Trp:

Tryptophan

FOC:

Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. ciceris

FDG:

Fusarium delphinoides strain GPK

HPLC:

High Performance Liquid Chromatography

PCR:

Polymerase Chain Reaction

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Acknowledgments

Authors wish to thank University Grants Commission (UGC) for the financial support through Major Research Project and SAP programme. One of the authors Mr. Guruprasad B K wishes to thank Gulbarga University Gulbarga for providing University fellowship. We are also thankful to Dr. Ramchandra D. Gaikwad, Ecocert India Pvt. Ltd. for statistically analyzing the experimental data and to Agharkar Research Institute, Pune, India for their help in sequencing studies.

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  1. Department of Biochemistry, Gulbarga University, Gulbarga, 585 106, Karnataka State, India

    Guruprasad B. Kulkarni, Shrishailnath S. Sajjan & T. B. Karegoudar

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  1. Guruprasad B. Kulkarni
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  2. Shrishailnath S. Sajjan
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  3. T. B. Karegoudar
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Correspondence to T. B. Karegoudar.

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Kulkarni, G.B., Sajjan, S.S. & Karegoudar, T.B. Pathogenicity of indole-3-acetic acid producing fungus Fusarium delphinoides strain GPK towards chickpea and pigeon pea. Eur J Plant Pathol 131, 355–369 (2011). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10658-011-9813-3

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