Abstract
The pathogenicity and reproductive fitness of Pratylenchus coffeae and Radopholus arabocoffeae from Vietnam on coffee (Coffea arabica) seedlings cv. Catimor were evaluated in greenhouse experiments. The effect of initial population densities (Pi = 0, 1, 2, 4, 8, 16, 32, 64, 128, and 256 nematodes per cm3 soil) was studied for both species at different days after inoculation (dai). The data were adjusted to the Seinhorst damage model Y = m + (1-m).zPi-T. Tolerance limit (T) for P. coffeae was zero for the height and the diameter of the coffee plants. For the diameter, the T-value for R. arabocoffeae was 25.6 for 30 and 60 dai and 12.8 for 90 and 120 dai. After 4 months T was zero. The low tolerance limits indicate that Arabica coffee is highly intolerant to both nematode species. At the end of the experiment (180 dai), all plants were infected and most were dead when inoculated with R. arabocoffeae at initial densities of 32, 64, 128 and 256 nematodes/cm3 soil. For P. coffeae plant death was already observed at the lowest inoculation densities. Growth of coffee was reduced at all inoculation levels for both species. Pratylenchus coffeae and R. arabocoffeae caused intense darkening of the roots, leaf chlorosis and a strong reduction of root and shoot growth. It was observed that P. coffeae mainly destroyed lateral roots rather than tap roots, whereas R. arabocoffeae reduced tap root length rather than the lateral roots. At the lowest inoculum densities, the reproduction factor of P. coffeae was 2.38 and 2.01 for R. arabocoffeae, indicating that arabica coffee is a host for both species. Plant growth as expressed by shoot height and shoot and root weight measured 60 dai was negatively correlated with nematode (both species) density as expressed by the geometric mean of nematode numbers at 30 and 60 dai.
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Acknowledgements
This work received financial support by a PhD scholarship (2005-0018) from the Flemish Interuniversity Council (VLIR) for the senior author at Ghent University, Belgium. The authors thank Mr. Nguyen Xuan Hoa and Ms. Nguyen Thi Van from the Western Highlands Agriculture and Forestry Science Institute in Dak Lak province for their help in measurement and nematode extractions.
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Trinh, P.Q., Wesemael, W.M.L., Nguyen, S.T.T. et al. Pathogenicity and reproductive fitness of Pratylenchus coffeae and Radopholus arabocoffeae on Arabica coffee seedlings (Coffea arabica cv. Catimor) in Vietnam. Eur J Plant Pathol 130, 45–57 (2011). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10658-010-9730-x
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10658-010-9730-x