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Resistance to metalaxyl-M and cymoxanil in a dominant clonal lineage of Phytophthora infestans in Huánuco, Peru, an area of continuous potato production

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Abstract

Fifty-eight isolates of Phytophthora infestans were evaluated in vitro and on detached leaves of potato for their sensitivities to metalaxyl-M and cymoxanil. The isolates belonged to the clonal lineage, EC-1, which is dominant on potato in Peru and Ecuador. All isolates were collected in Huánuco, Peru, an area of year-round potato production, where the potential for development of fungicide resistance is high. All isolates were resistant to metalaxyl-M, with in vitro EC50 values ranging from 468.30—813.57 mg l−1. In contrast, we found no evidence for resistance to cymoxanil for which in vitro EC50 values ranged from 0.03—1.11 mg l−1. Resistance to each fungicide was also evaluated for five isolates in a detached leaf assay in which the fungicide was sprayed on the leaf surface prior to inoculation. With metalaxyl-M, the range of EC50 values was 158.85—828.29 mg l−1, similar to that for the in vitro assay. For cymoxanil, EC50 values ranged from 1.41 to 2.31 mg l−1, which was higher than in the in vitro assay but still two orders of magnitude lower than the concentration applied by farmers in the field.

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Acknowledgements

The authors wish to express their thanks Elvin De la Torre for technical support and Felipe De Mendiburu for assistance in statistical analysis.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. International Potato Centre (CIP), P. O. Box 1558, Lima 12, Peru

    Wilmer Pérez & Gregory A. Forbes

  2. Universidad Nacional Agraria La Molina, Av. La Molina s/n, Lima, 12, Peru

    Johanna Lara

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  1. Wilmer Pérez
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  2. Johanna Lara
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  3. Gregory A. Forbes
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Correspondence to Gregory A. Forbes.

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Pérez, W., Lara, J. & Forbes, G.A. Resistance to metalaxyl-M and cymoxanil in a dominant clonal lineage of Phytophthora infestans in Huánuco, Peru, an area of continuous potato production. Eur J Plant Pathol 125, 87–95 (2009). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10658-009-9461-z

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