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Acute toxicity and responses of antioxidant systems to 1-methyl-3-octylimidazolium bromide at different developmental stages of goldfish

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Abstract

Acute toxicity of 1-methyl-3-octylimidazolium bromide ([C8mim]Br) to goldfish at different developmental stages and responses of the antioxidant system in adult goldfish were evaluated in the present study. The results indicate that post-embryonic developmental toxicity of [C8mim]Br on goldfish is developmental-stage dependent. The juvenile and larva goldfish are more sensitive to [C8mim]Br-toxicity than the adult fish. Histological observations in adult goldfish reveal that acute [C8mim]Br exposure damages the hepatopancreas, intestines, and kidneys, indicating that these are possible target organs of [C8mim]Br toxicity in goldfish. Subsequent biochemical assays in adult goldfish show that [C8mim]Br also induces changes in the activities of the superoxide dismutase, catalase, glutathione peroxidase, and glutathione content of fish hepatopancreas. These results suggest that [C8mim]Br exposure may induce oxidant stress and lipid peroxidation in hepatopancreas of adult goldfish. In addition, we also find that [C8mim]Br causes a remarkable increase in malondialdehyde (MDA) levels in the hepatopancreas of adult goldfish, and thus we think that the MDA level change can be a biomarker of [C8mim]Br toxicity in goldfish. The present study indicates that ionic liquids can be a threat to the survival, growth, and development of the fish population once they are accidentally leaked into aquatic ecosystems.

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Acknowledgments

This research was supported by the National Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 20573019, 20573034), the Henan Scientific and Technological Innovation Project for University Prominent Young Research Talents (094100510012), the Research Project of the Ministry of Education of China ([2006]331) and the Key Subject of Fishery in Henan Province, China.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. College of Life Science, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, Henan, 453007, China

    Xiao-Yu Li, Shi-Hu Zeng, Xiang-Yi Dong & Jun-Guo Ma

  2. Henan Key Laboratory for Environmental Pollution Control, Xinxiang, Henan, 453007, China

    Jian-Ji Wang

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  1. Xiao-Yu Li
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  2. Shi-Hu Zeng
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  3. Xiang-Yi Dong
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Correspondence to Xiao-Yu Li or Jian-Ji Wang.

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Li, XY., Zeng, SH., Dong, XY. et al. Acute toxicity and responses of antioxidant systems to 1-methyl-3-octylimidazolium bromide at different developmental stages of goldfish. Ecotoxicology 21, 253–259 (2012). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10646-011-0785-z

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