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Interactions of Hepatitis B Virus Infection with Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease: Possible Mechanisms and Clinical Impact

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Abstract

Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection is a major etiology of chronic liver disease worldwide. In the past decade, nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) has emerged as a common liver disorder in general population. Accordingly, the patient number of chronic hepatitis B (CHB) concomitant with NAFLD grows rapidly. The present article reviewed the recent studies aiming to explore the relationship between CHB and NAFLD from different aspects, including the relevant pathogenesis of CHB and NAFLD, the intracellular molecular mechanisms overlaying HBV infection and hepatic steatosis, and the observational studies with animal models and clinical cohorts for analyzing the coincidence of the two diseases. It is concluded that although numerous cross-links have been suggested between the molecular pathways in HBV infection and NAFLD pathogenesis, regarding whether HBV infection can substantially interfere with the occurrence of NAFLD or vice versa in the patients, there is still far from a conclusive agreement.

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Abbreviations

ACC:

Acetyl coenzyme A acid enzyme

AKT:

Protein kinase B

BMI:

Body mass index

C/EBP:

CCAAT/enhancer binding protein

CHB:

Chronic hepatitis B

CHC:

Chronic hepatitis C

CREB:

Cyclic AMP response element-binding protein

CYP7A1:

Cholesterol 7α-hydroxylase

ECHS:

Enoyl-coenzyme A hydratase

FAS:

Fatty acid synthase

FXR:

Farnesoid X receptor

GFP:

Green fluorescent protein

GSK:

Glycogen synthase kinase

HBcAg:

Hepatitis B virus core antigen

HBeAg:

Hepatitis B virus e antigen

HBs:

Hepatitis B virus surface protein

HBsAg:

Hepatitis B virus surface antigen

HBs-Tg mice:

Hepatitis B virus surface antigen transgenic mice

HBV:

Hepatitis B virus

HBx:

Hepatitis B virus X protein

HCC:

Hepatocellular carcinoma

HFD:

High-fat diet

HNF:

Hepatic nuclear factor

IR:

Insulin resistance

LXR:

Liver X receptor

LXRE:

LXR response element

MS:

Metabolic syndrome

mTOR:

Mammalian target of rapamycin

mTORC1:

Mammalian target of rapamycin complex 1

NAFLD:

Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease

NASH:

Nonalcoholic steatohepatitis

NF-κB:

Nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells

NTCP:

Sodium taurocholate cotransporting polypeptide

PGC-1a:

Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma coactivator-1a

PI3K:

Phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase

PNPLA:

Patatin-like phospholipase domain-containing protein A

PPAR:

Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor

R&D:

Research and development

RXR:

Retinoid X receptor

SRE:

Sterol regulatory element

SREBP:

Sterol regulatory element-binding protein

TF:

Transcription factor

TNF:

Tumor necrosis factor

TNFR1:

Tumor necrosis factor receptor 1

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Acknowledgments

This work was partly supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (81371603, 31100701); Guangdong Science and Technology Plan Project (2013B051000051) to Prof. Yan Wang; and the National Training Programs of Innovation and Entrepreneurship (201412121039) to Drs. Hailin Liu, Chuwen Lin, and Xiaoli Huang.

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The authors have no conflicts of interest with respect to this manuscript.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Viral Hepatitis Research, Department of Infectious Diseases and Hepatology Unit, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China

    Chu-wen Lin, Xiao-li Huang, Hai-lin Liu & Yan Wang

  2. Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510280, China

    Chu-wen Lin, Xiao-li Huang & Hai-lin Liu

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  1. Chu-wen Lin
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  2. Xiao-li Huang
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  3. Hai-lin Liu
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  4. Yan Wang
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Correspondence to Yan Wang.

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Lin, Cw., Huang, Xl., Liu, Hl. et al. Interactions of Hepatitis B Virus Infection with Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease: Possible Mechanisms and Clinical Impact. Dig Dis Sci 60, 3513–3524 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10620-015-3772-z

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10620-015-3772-z

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