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Infrastructuring as an Occasion for Resistance: Organized Resistance to Policy-Driven Information Infrastructure Development in the U.S. Healthcare Industry

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Abstract

Various industries are developing information infrastructures to improve the efficiency and quality of work. Little research attention has been paid to how workers might resist the development of a new infrastructure beyond the point of technology use. In industries in which government agencies have taken a top-down, policy-driven approach to developing infrastructures, though, coordinated, distributed resistance—or organized resistance—is likely to play a role in implementation outcomes because policies limit the flexibility of organizations and workers in adopting and using infrastructure technologies. This paper presents the results of a qualitative study of the United States government’s multi-billion dollar electronic medical record (EMR) infrastructure program aimed to support data collection and sharing within and between healthcare organizations. It describes how healthcare professionals manifested their resistance through professional organizations at the political level via organized resistance.

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Notes

  1. The term “Luddites” refers to a group of British textile workers who, between 1811 and 1816, actively destroyed machines that were poised to reduce the number of textile workers. The term is used colloquially to refer to individuals or groups who are relatively opposed to modern technologies and the changes they occasion. See Grint and Woolgar (1997) for a more detailed explanation.

  2. “Fee-for-service” refers to a payment structure in which healthcare professionals or healthcare organizations receive insurance payments based on the actions they took to evaluate and treat a patient; “fee-for-performance” refers to a payment structure based on the stabilization or improvement of the condition of the patient, regardless of the actions performed. For a more detailed explanation, see Chernew (2010).

  3. In an 2 August 2013 speech at the Aprima User Conference in Dallas, Twxas, Dr. Farzad Mostashari, then the National Coordinator for Health IT, touted the potential benefits of the EMR program. Among his major points was EMR’s ability to quickly make data exchange an easy process.

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Acknowledgements

This work was generously supported by the Institute of Museum and Library Services Grant RE-02-12-0009-12. I thank the reviewers and editors of the manuscript for extensive, constructive feedback throughout the review process. I also thank Dr. Diane Bailey, Dr. James Howison, Dr. Caroline Bartel, and Dr. Andrew Dillon for critical feedback on early versions of the work.

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Fig. 2.
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here The AMA’s Break the Red Tape Movement

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The AMA’s Physicians Grassroots Movement

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Sholler, D. Infrastructuring as an Occasion for Resistance: Organized Resistance to Policy-Driven Information Infrastructure Development in the U.S. Healthcare Industry. Comput Supported Coop Work 29, 451–496 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10606-020-09375-z

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