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The Peer Aggressive and Reactive Behavior Questionnaire (Parb-Q): Measurement Invariance Across Italian and Brazilian Children, Gender and Age

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Abstract

This study examines measurement invariance, reliability and scores differences of the Peer Aggressive and Reactive Behaviors Questionnaire (PARB-Q) across Italian and Brazilian children, gender and age. Participants were 587 Italian and 727 Brazilian children, aged 7–13 years from 12 elementary schools. The PARB-Q is a brief self-report instrument composed by two scales that assess aggressive behavior and reactions to peer aggression. Multigroup confirmatory factor analyses indicated full measurement invariance of the PARB-Q across groups based on country, gender and age, providing support for the unidimensionality of the first scale (direct peer aggression, PA) and a 3-factor model of the second scale (reactive aggression, RA; seeking teacher support, STS; internalizing reaction, IR). Reliability indices were good for all factors. Italian children reported a higher frequency of PA and a lower frequency of IR than the Brazilian children. Boys scored higher than girls on PA and RA, while girls scored higher than boys on STS and IR. Younger children reported a lower frequency of PA and a higher frequency of STS than older children. Results provide support for structure validity and reliability of the PARB-Q in two countries and information on differences related to gender, age and culture in peer relationships in elementary school.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Institute of Psychology, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil

    Juliane Callegaro Borsa, Bruno Figueiredo Damásio & Denise Ruschel Bandeira

  2. Department of Psychology, University of Bologna, Viale Berti Pichat, 5, 40127, Bologna, Italy

    Paola Gremigni

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  1. Juliane Callegaro Borsa
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  2. Bruno Figueiredo Damásio
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Borsa, J.C., Damásio, B.F., Bandeira, D.R. et al. The Peer Aggressive and Reactive Behavior Questionnaire (Parb-Q): Measurement Invariance Across Italian and Brazilian Children, Gender and Age. Child Psychiatry Hum Dev 44, 766–776 (2013). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10578-013-0368-8

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