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Salt-free and environment-friendly reactive dyeing of cotton in cottonseed oil/water system

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Abstract

This research studies the reactive dyeing in cottonseed oil/water dual-phase solvents system (CWDS) and establishes sustainable industrial dyeing procedures using cottonseed oil. The conventional aqueous dyeing generates large quantities of wastewater containing high concentrations of salts and dyes and has very low dye-fixation. Substituted dyeing technologies not only failed to completely solve problems of aqueous dyeing but also generated new problems such as high cost for modifications of dyeing facilities and new environmental pollution. Using cottonseed oil as external dyeing phase notably increases the dye concentration in the internal solvent phase via raising the chemical potential of dyes at outer phase without the use of salts. The dye fixation based on the total dye added to the dyebath for CWDS increases by up to 30% compared to aqueous dyeing. Besides, the external phase in CWDS is recyclable and biodegradable. Furthermore, using CWDS, fabrics are dyed in current jet-dyeing facilities on a pilot scale and have the same levelness and colorfastness as those from aqueous dyeing. Dye fixation using pilot-scale jet dyeing machines in CWDS achieves 90%+. The materials and energy costs of CWDS are lower than those of aqueous dyeings.

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Abbreviations

ScCO2 :

Supercritical CO2

D5:

Decamethylcyclopentasiloxane

CWDS:

Cottonseed oil/water dual-phase solvents system

RR 120:

Reactive Red 120

RR24:

Reactive Red 24

COD:

Chemical oxygen demand

BOD5 :

The 5-day biochemical oxygen demand

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Acknowledgments

This research was financially supported by Cotton Incorporated Grant (18-098), National Institute of Food and Agriculture (Multi-State Project S1054, NEB37-037), USDA Hatch Act, and the Agricultural Research Division at the University of Nebraska-Lincoln. Authors are grateful to China Scholarship Council for its financial support to Wei Li, and the John and Louise Skala Fellowship and American Association of Textile Chemists and Colorists Students Grant for their financial support to Bingnan Mu. The research was performed in part in the Nebraska Nanoscale Facility: National Nanotechnology Coordinated Infrastructure and the Nebraska Center for Materials and Nanoscience, which are supported by the National Science Foundation under Award ECCS: 1542182, and the Nebraska Research Initiative. We also thank the Lincoln Wastewater System for providing activated sludges.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Textiles, Merchandising and Fashion Design, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, 234, HECO Building, Lincoln, NE, 68583-0802, USA

    Bingnan Mu, Wei Li, Helan Xu, LaRee Emanuel & Yiqi Yang

  2. Department of Biological Systems Engineering, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, 234, HECO Building, Lincoln, NE, 68583-0802, USA

    Yiqi Yang

  3. Nebraska Center for Materials and Nanoscience, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, 234, HECO Building, Lincoln, NE, 68583-0802, USA

    Yiqi Yang

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  1. Bingnan Mu
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  2. Wei Li
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  3. Helan Xu
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  4. LaRee Emanuel
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  5. Yiqi Yang
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Correspondence to Yiqi Yang.

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Mu, B., Li, W., Xu, H. et al. Salt-free and environment-friendly reactive dyeing of cotton in cottonseed oil/water system. Cellulose 26, 6379–6391 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10570-019-02541-7

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