Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Structure and morphology of fractions separated from mechanical-assisted enzyme hydrolyzed chitin microfibrils

  • Communication
  • Published:
Cellulose Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

Chitin whiskers with diameter of 10–50 nm were prepared by a green way of mechanical-assisted enzyme hydrolysis, and several nanowhisker fractions were successfully separated by centrifugation at 3,000, 5,000, and 7,000 rpm, respectively. The size, morphology and crystalline form of as-prepared nanowhiskers were analyzed by scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy and wide angle X-ray diffraction, respectively. And the results showed that the particle size was decreased with an increase of enzyme concentration or hydrolysis time. The crystallinity of nanowhisker fragments after treatment by enzyme was increased effectively although no crystalline form was changed.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Fig. 1
Fig. 2
Fig. 3
Fig. 4
Fig. 5

References

  • Al Sagheer FA, Al-Sughayer MA, Muslim S, Elsabee MZ (2009) Extraction and characterization of chitin and chitosan from marine sources in Arabian Gulf. Carbohydr Polym 77(2):410–419

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Fan YM, Saito T, Isogai A (2008) Preparation of chitin nanofibers from squid pen β-chitin by simple mechanical treatment under acid conditions. Biomacromolecules 9(7):1919–1923

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Focher B, Naggi A, Torri G, Cosani A, Terbojevich M (1992) Chitosan from Euphausia superba. 2: characterization of solid state structure. Carbohydr Polym 18(1):43–49

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Harish Prashanth KV, Tharanathan RN (2007) Chitin/chitosan: modifications and their unlimited application potential—an overview. Trends Food Sci Technol 18(3):117–131

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Henriksson M, Henriksson G, Berglund LA, Lindström T (2007) An environmentally friendly method for enzyme-assisted preparation of microfibrillated cellulose (MFC) nanofibers. Eur Polym J 43(8):3434–3441

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Hirano S (1999) Chitin and chitosan as novel biotechnological materials. Polym Int 48(8):732–734

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Ifuku S, Saimoto H (2012) Chitin nanofibers: preparations, modifications, and applications. Nanoscale 4:3308–3318

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Ifuku S, Nogi M, Abe K, Yoshioka M, Morimoto M, Saimoto H, Yano H (2009) Preparation of chitin nanofibers with a uniform width as α-chitin from crab shells. Biomacromolecules 10(6):1584–1588

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Ifuku S, Morooka S, Morimoto M, Saimoto H (2010) Acetylation of chitin nanofibers and their transparent nanocomposite films. Biomacromolecules 11(5):1326–1330

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Jayakumar R, Prabaharan M, Nair SV, Tamura H (2010) Novel chitin and chitosan nanofibers in biomedical applications. Biotech Adv 28(1):142–150

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Jin J, Hassanzadeh P, Perotto G, Sun W, Brenckle MA, Kaplan D, Omenetto FG, Rolandi MA (2013) A biomimetic composite from solution self-assembly of chitin nanofibers in a silk fibroin matrix. Adv Mater 25(32):4482–4487

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Kilinç A, Teke M, Önal S, Telefoncu A (2006) Immobilization of pancreatic lipase on chitin and chitosan. Prep Biochem Biotech 36(2):153–163

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Kurita K (2006) Chitin and chitosan: functional biopolymers from marine crustaceans. Mar Biotechnol 8(3):203–226

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Lavall RL, Assis OB, Campana-Filho SP (2007) Beta-chitin from the pens of Loligo sp: extraction and characterization. Bioresour Technol 98(13):2465–2472

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Lee SH, Teramoto Y, Endo T (2009) Enzymatic saccharification of woody biomass micro/nanofibrillated by continuous extrusion process: I: effect of additives with cellulose affinity. Bioresour Technol 100(1):275–279

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Liu TG, Li B, Huang W, Lv B, Chen J, Zhang JX, Zhu LP (2009) Effects and kinetics of a novel temperature cycling treatment on the N-deacetylation of chitin in alkaline solution. Carbohydr Polym 77(1):110–117

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Liu D, Zhu Y, Li ZH, Tian DL, Chen L, Chen P (2013) Chitin nanofibrils for rapid and efficient removal of metal ions from water system. Carbohydr Polym 98(1):483–489

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Ogawa K, Yui T, Miya M (1992) Dependence on the preparation procedure of the polymorphism and crystallinity of chitosan membranes. Biosci Biotecnol Biochem 56(6):858–862

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Pearson FG, Marchessault RH, Liang CYJ (1960) Infrared spectra of crystalline polysaccharides. V. Chitin. J Polym Sci 43(141):101–116

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Pillai CKS, Paul W, Sharma PC (2009) Chitin and chitosan polymers: chemistry, solubility and fiber formation. Prog Polym Sci 34(7):641–678

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Ravi Kumar MNV (2000) A review of chitin and chitosan applications. React Funct Polym 46(1):1–27

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Rinaudo M (2006) Chitin and chitosan: properties and applications. Prog Polym Sci 31(7):603–632

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Sashiwa H, Fujishima S, Yamano N, Kawasaki N, Nakayama A, Muraki E, Sukwattanasinitt M, Pichyangkura R, Aiba S (2007) Enzymatic production of N-acetyl-d-glucosamine from chitin. Degradation study of N-acetylchitooligosaccharide and the effect of mixing of crude enzymes. Carbohydr Polym 51(4):391–395

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Silva SS, Duarte ARC, Carvalho AP, Mano JF, Reis RL (2011) Green processing of porous chitin structures for biomedical applications combining ionic liquid and supercritical fluid technology. Acta Biomater 7(3):1166–1172

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Siró I, Plackett D (2010) Microfibrillated cellulose and new nanocomposite materials: a review. Cellulose 17(3):459–494

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Zhang YQ, Xue CH, Xue Y, Gao RC, Zhang XL (2005) Determination of the degree of deacetylation of chitin and chitosan by X-ray powder diffraction. Carbohydr Res 340(11):1914–1917

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Zhong C, Cooper A, Kapetanovic A, Fang ZH, Zhang MQ, Rolandi MA (2010) A facile bottom-up route to self-assembled biogenic chitin nanofibers. Soft Matter 6:5298–5301

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

Download references

Acknowledgments

The authors are grateful to National Natural Science Foundation of China (Nos. 21277073 and 51473077), Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province (No. BK2011828), Scientific Research Foundation for the Returned Overseas Chinese Scholars, and Qing Lan Project and Six Talented Peak Program of Jiangsu Province for financial support. Support Program of the Priority Academic Program Development of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions and Collaborative Innovation Center of Atmospheric Environment and Equipment Technology is also acknowledged.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Chemistry, Nanjing University of Information Science & Technology, Nanjing, 210044, People’s Republic of China

    Donglin Tian, Sonakshi Maiti, Dagang Liu & Zhongshi Ma

  2. School of Materials Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510641, People’s Republic of China

    Xiaodong Cao

Authors
  1. Donglin Tian
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Sonakshi Maiti
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. Dagang Liu
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  4. Zhongshi Ma
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  5. Xiaodong Cao
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding authors

Correspondence to Dagang Liu or Xiaodong Cao.

Electronic supplementary material

Below is the link to the electronic supplementary material.

Supplementary material 1 (DOC 387 kb)

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this article

Tian, D., Maiti, S., Liu, D. et al. Structure and morphology of fractions separated from mechanical-assisted enzyme hydrolyzed chitin microfibrils. Cellulose 22, 1–8 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10570-014-0492-z

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10570-014-0492-z

Keywords

Search

Navigation