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Viscoelastic properties of cross-linked polyvinyl alcohol and surface-oxidized cellulose whisker hydrogels

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Abstract

Reinforcement of polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) hydrogels was achieved by direct chemical cross-linking of surface modified microcrystalline cellulose (MCC) whiskers with PVA. In order to produce hydrogels, the MCC whiskers were first obtained by TEMPO-mediated oxidation of the cellulose substrate and ultrasonication followed by direct cross-linking to PVA (Mw 98,000) via forming acetal bonds and freeze–thawing. The viscoelastic properties of the produced hydrogels were clearly improved following the chemical cross-linking, featuring values for viscous and elastic moduli G′ and G″ on the order of 10 kPa, which is particularly interesting for biomedical orthopedic applications.

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Abbreviations

DMA:

Dynamic mechanical analysis

DMSO:

Dimethyl sulfoxide

ESEM:

Environmental scanning electron microscopy

MFC:

Microfibrillated cellulose

MCC:

Microcrystalline cellulose

NCC:

Nanocrystalline cellulose

PEG:

Polyethylene glycol

PEI:

Polyethelene imine

PVA:

Polyvinyl alcohol

TEMPO:

(2,2,6,6-Tetramethylpiperidin-1-yl)oxyl

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Acknowledgments

I thank Prof. Derek Gray for providing lab facilities and discussions. Mr Joshua Kastner and Professor Milan Maric are acknowledged for their assistance during rheology tests. This work has been financed partly by the visiting scientist program of the FQRNT Centre for Self-assembled Chemical structures Network, and partly by the Swedish Research Council and Swedish Royal Academy of Sciences.

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  1. Nanotechnology and Functional Materials, Department of Engineering Sciences, Uppsala University, Box 534, 75121, Uppsala, Sweden

    Albert Mihranyan

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  1. Albert Mihranyan
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Correspondence to Albert Mihranyan.

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This work was done within the FQRNT Centre for Self-Assembled Chemical Structures Network at the Department of Chemistry, McGill University, 3420 Rue University, Montreal, Canada H3A 2A7.

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Mihranyan, A. Viscoelastic properties of cross-linked polyvinyl alcohol and surface-oxidized cellulose whisker hydrogels. Cellulose 20, 1369–1376 (2013). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10570-013-9882-x

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