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A precise study on the feasibility of enzyme treatments of a kraft pulp for viscose application

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Abstract

The development of efficient process steps to convert paper-grade to dissolving pulps was investigated as part of the work programme to improve the process economics. The challenge of pulp refinement comprises the selective removal of hemicelluloses and the precise adjustment of the pulp viscosity, while maintaining the reactivity of the pulp as required for viscose application. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of various enzyme treatments on a commercial oxygen-delignified Eucalyptus globulus paper-grade kraft pulp in the course of a total chlorine free bleaching sequence in combination with refining techniques following the principle of Modified Kraft Cooking (Sixta et al. 2007). The objectives were to assess its applicability as viscose pulp besides the reduction of chemical consumption in alkaline and ozone bleaching steps by means of xylanase pre-treatment and the controlled adjustment of final pulp viscosity utilizing endoglucanase post-treatment. Xylanase pre-treatment combined with cold caustic extraction at reduced alkalinity efficiently removed the hemicelluloses from the pulp and clearly increased the pulp brightness by extensive removal of hexenuronic acid side chains. The xylanase pre-treated pulp showed increased reactivity towards xanthation and high viscose dope quality in terms of particle content. The dependence of cellulose chain scission on the applied endoglucanase concentration was analyzed in detail, and this allowed precise viscosity reduction as well as reactivity increase. The differently treated pulps, with and without xylanase pre-treatment, were of very narrow molecular weight distribution and the quality of the spun fibers were very similar to those viscose fibers from commercial dissolving pulps.

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Abbreviations

[η]:

Intrinsic viscosity

A:

Acid bleaching

AC:

Alkali cellulose

AXU:

Active xylanase unit

B:

Brightness

CCE:

Cold caustic extraction

DP:

Degree of polymerization

ECF:

Elemental chlorine free

ECU:

Endoglucanase unit

EG:

Endoglucanase

FV:

Filter clogging value

HexA:

Hexenuronic acid

MWD:

Molecular weight distribution

n.d.:

Not determined

O:

Oxygen bleaching

odp:

Oven dried pulp

P:

Peroxide bleaching

PHK:

Pre-hydrolysis kraft pulp

SEC:

Size exclusion chromatography

TCF:

Total chlorine free

WRV:

Water retention value

X:

Xylanase

Z:

Ozone bleaching

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Acknowledgments

Financial support was provided by the Austrian government, the provinces of lower Austria, upper Austria, and Carinthia as well as by Lenzing AG. We also express our gratitude to the Johannes Kepler University, Linz, the University of Natural Resources and Applied Life Sciences, Vienna, and Lenzing AG for their in-kind contribution.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Kompetenzzentrum Holz GmbH, St.-Peter-Str. 25, 4021, Linz, Austria

    Verena Gehmayr & Gabriele Schild

  2. Department of Forest Products Technology, Aalto University School of Science and Technology, Vuorimiehentie 1, P.O. Box 16300, Espoo, Finland

    Herbert Sixta

  3. Lenzing AG, Werkstraße 1, 4860, Lenzing, Austria

    Herbert Sixta

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  1. Verena Gehmayr
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  2. Gabriele Schild
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  3. Herbert Sixta
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Correspondence to Herbert Sixta.

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Gehmayr, V., Schild, G. & Sixta, H. A precise study on the feasibility of enzyme treatments of a kraft pulp for viscose application. Cellulose 18, 479–491 (2011). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10570-010-9483-x

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