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Synthesis and Characterization Ru–C/SiO2 Aerogel Catalysts for Sugar Hydrogenation Reactions

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Abstract

Synthesis of materials with combined chemistry and textural properties of carbon and silica aerogels was studied. The synthesized support was modified with ruthenium using evaporation impregnation and deposition–precipitation methods. The ruthenium modification methods were observed to influence the particle size, dispersion, surface area, pore volume and acidity of Ru–C–SiO2 catalysts. Ruthenium particles of 1–2 nm were obtained with a simple impregnation–evaporation method, while deposition precipitations technique gave ruthenium particles ranging from 1 to 8 nm. Small Ru nanoparticles (1–2 nm) were stable even after being exposed at 700 °C or washed with ethanol for regeneration. Furthermore, the catalytic properties of Ru–C–SiO2 catalysts in sugar hydrogenation were also observed to be influenced by the synthesis methods. The catalysts were tested in hydrogenation of sugars with different molecule sizes (i.e. glucose and cellobiose). d-Glucose was more reactive than d-cellobiose when they were studied separately. For the mixture of sugars higher reactivity of both sugars was observed in comparison with neat substrates for the catalyst made by evaporation-impregnation. On the contrary no significant differences between kinetics of the separated sugars and their mixture were observed for the catalyst prepared by deposition–precipitation. The results can be attributed to acidity and a combination of meso and microporosity of the catalysts. The support composite material could also be produced as a monolith, being a promising candidate for future industrial applications.

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Acknowledgements

This research has been financed by the Johan Gadolin Scholarships program from Johan Gadolin Process Chemistry Centre at Åbo Akademi University, by the Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness through project ENE2014-53459-R and by the Isabel P. Trabal Scholarship from the Fundación Caja de Ingenieros.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Faculty of Science and Engineering, Laboratory of Industrial Chemistry and Reaction Engineering, Johan Gadolin Process Chemistry Centre, Åbo Akademi University, 20500, Turku, Finland

    Luis Miguel Sanz-Moral, Atte Aho, Narendra Kumar, Kari Eränen, Dmitry Yu. Murzin & Tapio Salmi

  2. High Pressure Group, Department of Chemical Engineering and Environmental Technology, University of Valladolid, 47011, Valladolid, Spain

    Luis Miguel Sanz-Moral

  3. Faculty of Medicine, Laboratory of Electron Microscopy, University of Turku, 20520, Turku, Finland

    Markus Peurla

  4. Department of Physics and Astronomy, Laboratory of Industrial Physics, University of Turku, 20014, Turku, Finland

    Janne Peltonen

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  1. Luis Miguel Sanz-Moral
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  2. Atte Aho
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  3. Narendra Kumar
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  4. Kari Eränen
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  7. Dmitry Yu. Murzin
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Correspondence to Dmitry Yu. Murzin.

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Sanz-Moral, L.M., Aho, A., Kumar, N. et al. Synthesis and Characterization Ru–C/SiO2 Aerogel Catalysts for Sugar Hydrogenation Reactions. Catal Lett 148, 3514–3523 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10562-018-2556-4

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10562-018-2556-4

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