Abstract
An esterification process is proposed to lower Free Fatty Acids (FFA) content in waste animal fat using solid acid ion exchange resins as catalysts. The final aim is to make this material a suitable feedstock for biodiesel production. Its exploitation does not interfere with the food chain, besides allowing to lower biodiesel production costs.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Bozbas K (2008) Renew Sustain Energy Rev 12:542
Canakci M, Sanli H (2008) J Ind Microbiol Biotechnol 35:431
Pinto AC, Guariero LLN, Rezende MJC, Ribeiro NM, Torres EA, Lopes WA, de P Pereira PA, de Andrade JB (2005) J Braz Chem Soc 16B:1313
Agarwal AK (2007) Prog Energy Comb Sci 33:233
Ma F, Hanna MA (1999) Bioresour Technol 70:1
Haas MJ, McAllon AJ, Yee WC, Foglia TA (2005) Bioresour Technol 97:671
Jeromin L, PeuKert E, Wollomann G (1979) US Patent 4, 164, 506
Suwannakarn K, Loreto E, Goodwin JG Jr, Lu C (2008) J Catal 255:279
Rao KV, Krishnasamy S, Penumarthy V (2009) WO 2009047793
Xingzhong Y, Jia L, Guanming Z, Jingang S, Jingyi T, Guohe H (2008) Renew Energy 33:1678
Dubé MA, Zheng S, Mclean DD, Kates M (2004) J Am Oil Chem Soc 81:599
Zheng S, Kates M, Dubè MA, McLean DD (2006) Biomass Bioenergy 30:267
Zullaikah S, Lai CC, Vali SR, Ju YH (2005) Bioresour Technol 96:1889
Marchetti JM, Errazu AF (2008) Fuel 87:3477
Marchetti JM, Miguel VU, Errazu AF (2007) Fuel 86:906
Di Serio M, Cozzolino M, Giordano M, Tesser R, Patrono P, Santacesaria E (2007) Ind Eng Chem Res 46:6379
Dow Advanced Materials, Products Information Sheets available at the site www.rohmhaas.com
Chakrabarti A, Sharma MM (1993) React Polym 20:1
Oezbay N, Oktar N, Tapan NA (2008) Fuel 87:1789
Bianchi CL, Ragaini V, Pirola C, Carvoli G (2003) Appl Catal B 40:93
Ragaini V, Bianchi CL, Pirola C, Carvoli G (2006) Appl Catal B 64:66
Ragaini V, Bianchi CL, Pirola C (2007) Chem Eng J 131:257
Acknowledgment
The authors are grateful to Dow Advanced Materials for kindly providing the catalysts employed in the present work.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Electronic supplementary material
Below is the link to the electronic supplementary material.
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Bianchi, C.L., Boffito, D.C., Pirola, C. et al. Low Temperature De-acidification Process of Animal Fat as a Pre-Step to Biodiesel Production. Catal Lett 134, 179–183 (2010). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10562-009-0228-0
Received:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10562-009-0228-0