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Characterization of progenitor/stem cell population from human dental socket and their multidifferentiation potential

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Abstract

Dental stem cells have many applications in medicine, dentistry and stem cell biology in general due to their easy accessibility and low morbidity. A common surgical manoeuvre after a tooth extraction is the dental socket curettage which is necessary to clean the alveolus and favour alveolar bone healing. This procedure can cause very low morbidity compared to bone marrow collection procedures and the collected material is normally discarded. In order to investigate if the tissue obtained by dental socket curettage after a tooth extraction was a feasible alternative source to isolate human stem cells, we isolated and characterized two different stem cell populations based on STRO-1 and CD146 expression. We were able to collect and grow cells from dental socket of vital and non-vital teeth. Both populations were proliferative, clonogenic and expressed STRO-1, CD146, CD90, NG2, PDGFR-β, which are markers found in stem cells, presented in vitro multiline-differentiation into osteogenic, chondrogenic, and adipogenic tissue, and in vivo transplanted cells formed mineralized tissue. Interestingly, STRO-1+ clonogenic cells presented better multidifferentiation than CD146+ cells. Our results showed that mesenchymal stem cells can be isolated from the tiny tissue collected by dental socket curettage after vital and non-vital tooth extraction and suggest that STRO-1 is an important marker to be used to sort cells with multidifferentiation capacity.

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Acknowledgements

To the São Paulo Research Foundation (FAPESP). for research (Grant no. 2009/00041-3) and scholarship program (no. 2010/06936-0). To the Coordination for the Improvement of Higher Education Personnel (CAPES) for the scholarship (Process no. PDSE-6388/11-6). To Professor Susan Heck, PJ and Helen from BRC-NIHR—British Research Centre-National Institute Health Research of London (UK) for flow cytometry technical support.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology, School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo (FOUSP), Av. Professor Lineu Prestes, 2227, Cidade Universitária, São Paulo, 05508-000, Brazil

    Lucyene Miguita & Andrea Mantesso

  2. Department of Oral Surgery and Pathology, School of Dentistry, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG), St. Professor Moacir Gomes de Freitas, 688, Pampulha, Belo Horizonte, Brazil

    Lucyene Miguita

  3. Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Discipline of Oral Surgery, School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo (FOUSP), Av. Professor Lineu Prestes, 2227, Cidade Universitária, São Paulo, 05508-000, Brazil

    Maria Cristina Zindel Deboni

  4. Department of Craniofacial Development and Stem Cell Biology, King’s College London Dental Institute, Floor 18, Guy’s Tower, Guy’s Hospital, London, SE1 9RT, UK

    Paul Sharpe

  5. Department of Cariology, Restorative Sciences, and Endodontics, School of Dentistry, University of Michigan, 1011 N University Ave, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109-1078, USA

    Andrea Mantesso

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  1. Lucyene Miguita
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Correspondence to Andrea Mantesso.

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Miguita, L., Deboni, M.C.Z., Sharpe, P. et al. Characterization of progenitor/stem cell population from human dental socket and their multidifferentiation potential. Cell Tissue Bank 21, 31–46 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10561-019-09794-3

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