Abstract
The purpose of this study was to determine whether the pull-through force of soft-tissue allografts increases over time after being hydrated with saline-soaked sponges. Eighteen aseptic soft-tissue, fresh-frozen anterior tibialis allograft specimens were thawed and sized using standard sizing guides. After sizing, initial pull-through force was measured using an Instron Model 5865 machine. Grafts were randomized to soak in saline sponges for 20, 40, or 60 min. After soaking, pull-through force was again assessed. Pre- and post-soaking pull-through forces were compared using a paired t test. The effect of time on pull-through force was evaluated using an ANOVA and Tukey post hoc test. Two allografts had initial pull-through forces outside the inclusion criteria and were excluded. The average pull-through force for the remaining 16 allografts pre-soaking was 43.0 N and post-soaking was 81.7 N, for an increase of 90 % (P < 0.001). Longer hydration time in the saline soaked sponges was not correlated with higher pull-through force (P = 0.724). Pull-through force post-hydration was not related to the allograft diameter (P = 0.641). Post-hydration, 33 % of grafts that had soaked for 20 min and 40 % of grafts that had soaked for 40 or 60 min required greater than 100 N pull-through force. Our data supports the hypothesis that soft-tissue allografts swell as a result of being stored in saline-soaked sponges, resulting in greater pull-through forces during graft passage. Surgeons should bear in mind that allografts swell when stored in saline-soaked gauze and should size their tunnels accordingly.
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Acknowledgments
The allograft specimens for this study were donated by RTI Biologics, Inc, Alachua, FL. The testing was carried out in their laboratory. Joanne Clarke assisted in editing and revision of this manuscript.
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Altbuch, T., Conrad, B.P., Shields, E. et al. Allograft swelling after preparation during ACL reconstruction: do we need to upsize tunnels?. Cell Tissue Bank 14, 673–677 (2013). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10561-013-9370-4
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10561-013-9370-4