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Novel therapy for pediatric and adolescent kidney cancer

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Abstract

Pediatric and adolescent renal tumors account for approximately 7% of all new cancer diagnoses in the USA each year. The prognosis and treatment are varied based on factors including the underlying histology and tumor stage, with survival rates ranging from greater than 90% in favorable histology Wilms tumor to almost universally fatal in other disease types, including those patients with advanced stage malignant rhabdoid tumor and renal medullary carcinoma. In recent years, our understanding of the underlying genetic drivers of the different types of pediatric kidney cancer has dramatically increased, opening the door to utilization of new targeted biologic agents alone or in combination with conventional chemotherapy to improve outcomes. Several ongoing clinical trials are investigating the use of a variety of targeted agents in pediatric patients with underlying genetic aberrations. In this manuscript, the underlying biology and early phase clinical trials relevant to pediatric renal cancers are reviewed.

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Acknowledgments

Drs. Fernandez and Geller are supported in part by National Clinical Trials Network Committee Leadership under the 2U10CA180886 Grant from the National Cancer Institute and National Institutes of Health, to support the Children’s Oncology Group. The authors wish to thank the parents and children with pediatric renal cancer who have participated in clinical trials and genetic sequencing efforts which provide the basis for this review. We also wish to thank the many investigators, pediatric oncologists, pathologists, surgeons, radiation oncologists, radiologists, researchers, and other health professionals who manage the children entered on clinical trials.

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  1. Ann & Robert H. Lurie Children’s Hospital of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA

    Amy L. Walz

  2. IWK Health Centre, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada

    Conrad V. Fernandez

  3. Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA

    James I. Geller

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Walz, A.L., Fernandez, C.V. & Geller, J.I. Novel therapy for pediatric and adolescent kidney cancer. Cancer Metastasis Rev 38, 643–655 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10555-019-09822-4

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10555-019-09822-4

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