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Involvement of aberrantly expressed microRNAs in the pathogenesis of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma

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Abstract

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small noncoding RNAs that act as fine-tuners of the post-transcriptional control of protein-coding or noncoding RNAs by repressing translation or cleaving RNA transcripts in a sequence-dependent manner in cells. Accumulating evidence have been indicated that aberrantly expressed miRNAs are deeply involved in human pathogenesis, including cancers. Surprisingly, these small, single-stranded RNAs (18–23 nucleotides) have been shown to function as antitumor or oncogenic RNAs in several types of cancer cells. A single miRNA has regulating hundreds or thousands of different mRNAs, and individual mRNA has been regulated by multiple different miRNAs in normal cells. Therefore, tightly controlled RNA networks can be disrupted by dysregulated of miRNAs in cancer cells. Investigation of novel miRNA-mediated RNA networks in cancer cells could provide new insights in the field of cancer research. In this review, we focus on head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) and discuss current findings of the involvement of aberrantly expressed miRNAs in the pathogenesis of HNSCC.

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Acknowledgements

This study was supported by JSPS KAKENHI (C), Grant Number JP17K16893 and JP15K10801.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Functional Genomics, Chiba University Graduate School of Medicine, 1-8-1 Inohana, Chuo-ku, Chiba, 260-8670, Japan

    Keiichi Koshizuka, Takayuki Arai, Atsushi Okato & Naohiko Seki

  2. Department of Otorhinolaryngology/Head and Neck Surgery, Chiba University Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba, Japan

    Keiichi Koshizuka, Toyoyuki Hanazawa & Naoko Kikkawa

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  1. Keiichi Koshizuka
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  2. Toyoyuki Hanazawa
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Correspondence to Naohiko Seki.

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Koshizuka, K., Hanazawa, T., Arai, T. et al. Involvement of aberrantly expressed microRNAs in the pathogenesis of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma. Cancer Metastasis Rev 36, 525–545 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10555-017-9692-y

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