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Metastasis-related miRNAs, active players in breast cancer invasion, and metastasis

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Abstract

Breast cancer is the most common malignancy with the highest incidence among women in the world. Metastasis is the major reason for breast cancer-related deaths. The precise molecular circuitry that governs the metastasis process has not been completely understood. Discoveries of microRNAs (miRNAs) open a new avenue for cancer metastasis research. It has become clear that alterations of miRNA expression contribute to cancer pathogenesis. miRNAs control a wide array of physiological and pathological processes, including development, differentiation, cellular proliferation, programmed cell death, oncogenesis, and metastasis by modulating the expression of their cognate target genes through cleaving mRNA molecules or inhibiting their translation. Some miRNAs are associated with the invasive and metastatic phenotype of breast cancer cell lines or identified in metastatic tumor tissues and lymph nodes. Some miRNAs serve as metastasis suppressors and their expression is frequently downregulated or lost in both breast cancer cell lines and metastatic foci. Some miRNAs are considered to play key roles in the phenotype formation of breast cancer stem cells. This review will focus on recent discoveries related to the miRNAs involved in the metastasis of breast cancer and discuss the implications for the diagnosis, prognosis, and therapeutic strategies of breast cancer.

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Acknowledgment

This work is supported by the National Basic Research Program of China (973 Program, no. 2006CB504305 and 2010CB911904), National High-Tech Research and Development Plan (863 Program, no. 2006AA02A245), National Key Technologies R&D Program for New Drugs (2008ZX10004-015, 2009ZX09301-002, and 2009ZX09103-619), Grand Science and Technology Special programs concerning prevention and treatment of infectious diseases (2008ZX10004-015), and the National Natural Science Foundation of China (no. 30771981, 30901766, and 30972690).

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  1. Department of Molecular Immunology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Taiping Road 27, Beijing, 100850, People’s Republic of China

    Ming Shi, Beifen Shen & Ning Guo

  2. Department of Pathology, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, 050017, People’s Republic of China

    Dan Liu & Huijun Duan

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Correspondence to Ning Guo.

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Shi, M., Liu, D., Duan, H. et al. Metastasis-related miRNAs, active players in breast cancer invasion, and metastasis. Cancer Metastasis Rev 29, 785–799 (2010). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10555-010-9265-9

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