Skip to main content

Advertisement

SpringerLink
Log in

Role of integrative medicine in the continuum of care of breast cancer patients in the Indian context

  • Review article
  • Published:
Cancer Causes & Control Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

Breast cancer is the most frequently diagnosed cancer among women in both transitioned and transitioning countries and has become a major women’s health problem. Although recent advances in our understanding of the biological nature of cancer, improved awareness coupled with better early detection facilities, use of chemotherapy, hormone therapy, and targeted therapy have significantly improved survival from cancer, there are many gaps in providing individual-centric, holistic care. Integrative medicine refers to the use of traditional medicine alongside conventional preventive or therapeutic interventions (allopathic medicine) as a comprehensive, individual-centered, evidence-based care. The three pillars of complementary medicine (lifestyle modifications, mind–body practices, and use of natural products) have the potential for cancer prevention and improving quality-of-life and even treatment response in cancer patients when combined with conventional oncology care. Therefore, continued research into integrative therapies is required to extend the benefits to a broader patient population and improve outcomes in breast and other common cancers. In the present review article, the possible role of integrative medicine across the breast cancer care continuum has been discussed along with the concept of integrating complementary practices into mainstream health delivery. We have focused on breast cancer as a model cancer that is well amenable to prevention, early detection and stage appropriate treatment. However, our observations are pertinent for other common cancers, for which there are several opportunities for improving the continuum of care, especially in developing countries like India.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Fig. 1
Fig. 2

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  1. Ferlay J, Ervik M, Lam F, Colombet M, Mery L, Piñeros M, Znaor A, Soerjomataram I, Bray F (2018) Global Cancer Observatory: Cancer Today. Lyon, France: International Agency for Research on Cancer. Available from: https://gco.iarc.fr/today. Accessed 17 Oct 2019

  2. Indian Council of Medical Research (2016) Three-year report of population based cancer registries 2012–2014. Incidence, distribution, trends in incidence rates and projections of burden of cancer (Report of 27 PBCRs in India). ICMR. Available from: http://ncdirindia.org/All_Reports/PBCR_REPORT_2012_2014/ALL_CONTENT/PDF_Printed_Version/Preliminary_Pages_Printed.pdf. Accessed 17 Oct 2019

  3. Kunnavil R, Thirthahalli C, Nooyi SC, Somanna SN, Murthy NS (2016) Estimation of burden of female breast cancer in India for the year 2016, 2021 and 2026 using disability adjusted life years. Int J Community Med Public Health 3:1135–1140

    Article  Google Scholar 

  4. Grant SJ, Hunter J, Seely D, Balneaves LG, Rossi E, Bao T (2019) Integrative oncology: international perspectives. Integr Cancer Ther 18:1534735418823266

    Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  5. WHO (2020) Traditional, complementary and integrative medicine. Available from: http://www.who.int/medicines/areas/traditional/definitions/en/. Accessed 29 June 2020

  6. WHO (2013) WHO traditional medicine strategy: 2014–2023. WHO, Geneva

    Google Scholar 

  7. National Cancer Institute (NIH). Publications. Mind-body practice. Available from: https://www.cancer.gov/publications/dictionaries/cancer-terms/def/mind-body-practice. Accessed 17 Nov 2020

  8. Garodia P, Ichikawa H, Malani N, Sethi G, Aggarwal BB (2007) From ancient medicine to modern medicine: ayurvedic concepts of health and their role in inflammation and cancer. J Soc Integr Oncol 5(1):25–37

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  9. Rodríguez Castaño P, Parween S, Pandey AV (2019) Bioactivity of curcumin on the cytochrome P450 enzymes of the steroidogenic pathway. Int J Mol Sci 20(18):4606

    Article  Google Scholar 

  10. Chakraborty S, Roy M, Taraphdar AK, Bhattacharya RK (2004) Cytotoxic effect of root extract of Tiliacora racemosa and oil of Semecarpus anacardium nut in human tumour cells. Phytother Res 18(8):595–600

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  11. de Souza Grinevicius VM, Kviecinski MR, Santos Mota NS, Ourique F, Porfirio Will Castro LS, Andreguetti RR, Gomes Correia JF, Filho DW, Pich CT, Pedrosa RC (2016) Piper nigrum ethanolic extract rich in piperamides causes ROS overproduction, oxidative damage in DNA leading to cell cycle arrest and apoptosis in cancer cells. J Ethnopharmacol 189:139–147

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  12. Ghosh K, De S, Das S, Mukherjee S, Sengupta Bandyopadhyay S (2016) Withaferin A induces ROS-mediated paraptosis in human breast cancer cell-lines MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231. PLoS ONE 11(12):e0168488

    Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  13. Samanta SK, Sehrawat A, Kim SH, Hahm ER, Shuai Y, Roy R, Pore SK, Singh KB, Christner SM, Beumer JH, Davidson NE, Singh SV (2016) Disease subtype-independent biomarkers of breast cancer chemoprevention by the ayurvedic medicine phytochemical Withaferin A. J Natl Cancer Inst 109(6):djw293

    Article  Google Scholar 

  14. Stan SD, Hahm ER, Warin R, Singh SV (2008) Withaferin A causes FOXO3a- and Bim-dependent apoptosis and inhibits growth of human breast cancer cells in vivo. Cancer Res 68(18):7661–7669

    Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  15. Sandhya T, Mishra KP (2006) Cytotoxic response of breast cancer cell lines, MCF 7 and T 47 D to triphala and its modification by antioxidants. Cancer Lett 238(2):304–313

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  16. Jiang G, Xiao X, Zeng Y, Nagabhushanam K, Majeed M, Xiao D (2013) Targeting beta-catenin signaling to induce apoptosis in human breast cancer cells by z-guggulsterone and Gugulipid extract of Ayurvedic medicine plant Commiphora mukul. BMC Complement Altern Med 13:203

    Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  17. Flegal KM, Panagiotou OA, Graubard BI (2015) Estimating population attributable fractions to quantify the health burden of obesity. Ann Epidemiol 25(3):201–207

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  18. World Cancer Research Fund and American Institute for Cancer Research (2018) Continuous update project expert report 2018. Diet, nutrition, physical activity and breast cancer. London

  19. Talbot LA, Morrell CH, Fleg JL, Metter EJ (2007) Changes in leisure time physical activity and risk of all-cause mortality in men and women: the Baltimore Longitudinal Study of Aging. Prev Med 45(2–3):169–176

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  20. American Cancer Society. Guideline for diet and physical activity for cancer prevention. Available from: https://www.cancer.org/healthy/eat-healthy-get-active/acs-guidelines-nutrition-physical-activity-cancer-prevention.html. Accessed 29 June 2020

  21. Kyu HH, Bachman VF, Alexander LT, Mumford JE, Afshin A, Estep K, Veerman JL, Delwiche K, Iannarone ML, Moyer ML, Cercy K, Vos T, Murray CJ, Forouzanfar MH (2016) Physical activity and risk of breast cancer, colon cancer, diabetes, ischemic heart disease, and ischemic stroke events: systematic review and dose-response meta-analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2013. BMJ 354:i3857

    Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  22. Lauche R, Langhorst J, Lee MS, Dobos G, Cramer H (2016) A systematic review and meta-analysis on the effects of yoga on weight-related outcomes. Prev Med 87:213–232

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  23. Watts AW, Rydell SA, Eisenberg ME, Laska MN, Neumark-Sztainer D (2018) Yoga’s potential for promoting healthy eating and physical activity behaviors among young adults: a mixed-methods study. Int J Behav Nutr Phys Act 15(1):42

    Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  24. Juster RP, McEwen BS, Lupien SJ (2010) Allostatic load biomarkers of chronic stress and impact on health and cognition. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 35(1):2–16

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  25. Antonova L, Aronson K, Mueller CR (2011) Stress and breast cancer: from epidemiology to molecular biology. Breast Cancer Res 13(2):208

    Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  26. Sloan EK, Priceman SJ, Cox BF, Yu S, Pimentel MA, Tangkanangnukul V, Arevalo JM, Morizono K, Karanikolas BD, Wu L, Sood AK, Cole SW (2010) The sympathetic nervous system induces a metastatic switch in primary breast cancer. Cancer Res 70(18):7042–7052

    Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  27. Lillberg K, Verkasalo PK, Kaprio J, Teppo L, Helenius H, Koskenvuo M (2003) Stressful life events and risk of breast cancer in 10,808 women: a cohort study. Am J Epidemiol 157(5):415–423

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  28. Chen Y, Tan F, Wei L, Li X, Lyu Z, Feng X, Wen Y, Guo L, He J, Dai M, Li N (2018) Sleep duration and the risk of cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis including dose-response relationship. BMC Cancer 18(1):1149

    Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  29. Jindal V, Gupta S, Das R (2013) Molecular mechanisms of meditation. Mol Neurobiol 48(3):808–811

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  30. Wang X, Li P, Pan C, Dai L, Wu Y, Deng Y (2019) The effect of mind-body therapies on insomnia: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Evid Based Complement Alternat Med 2019:9359807

    PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  31. Lamartiniere CA (2000) Protection against breast cancer with genistein: a component of soy. Am J Clin Nutr 71(6):1705S-S1707

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  32. Russo M, Russo GL, Daglia M, Kasi PD, Ravi S, Nabavi SF, Nabavi SM (2016) Understanding genistein in cancer: the “good” and the “bad” effects: a review. Food Chem 196:589–600

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  33. Qin W, Zhu W, Shi H, Hewett JE, Ruhlen RL, MacDonald RS, Rottinghaus GE, Chen YC, Sauter ER (2009) Soy isoflavones have an antiestrogenic effect and alter mammary promoter hypermethylation in healthy premenopausal women. Nutr Cancer 61(2):238–244

    Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  34. Fritz H, Seely D, Flower G, Skidmore B, Fernandes R, Vadeboncoeur S, Kennedy D, Cooley K, Wong R, Sagar S, Sabri E, Fergusson D (2013) Soy, red clover, and isoflavones and breast cancer: a systematic review. PLoS ONE 8(11):e81968

    Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  35. Hossain S, Beydoun MA, Beydoun HA, Chen X, Zonderman AB, Wood RJ (2019) Vitamin D and breast cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis of observational studies. Clin Nutr ESPEN 30:170–184

    Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  36. Gadgil A, Sauvaget C, Roy N, Muwonge R, Kantharia S, Chakrabarty A, Bantwal K, Haldar I, Sankaranarayanan R (2017) Cancer early detection program based on awareness and clinical breast examination: interim results from an urban community in Mumbai, India. Breast 31:85–89

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  37. Mahajan M, Naik N, Jain K, Patira N, Prasad S, Mogri S, Muwonge R, Lucas E, Faruq F, Sankaranarayanan R, Iyer S, Basu P (2019) Study of knowledge, attitudes, and practices toward risk factors and early detection of noncommunicable diseases among rural women in India. J Glob Oncol 5:1–10

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  38. Liverpool J, Alexander R, Johnson M, Ebba EK, Francis S, Liverpool C (2004) Western medicine and traditional healers: partners in the fight against HIV/AIDS. J Natl Med Assoc 96(6):822–825

    PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  39. Rudra S, Kalra A, Kumar A, Joe W (2017) Utilization of alternative systems of medicine as health care services in India: evidence on AYUSH care from NSS 2014. PLoS ONE 12:e0176916

    Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  40. Satin JR, Linden W, Phillips MJ (2009) Depression as a predictor of disease progression and mortality in cancer patients: a meta-analysis. Cancer 115(22):5349–5361

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  41. Chaoul A, Milbury K, Sood AK, Prinsloo S, Cohen L (2014) Mind-body practices in cancer care. Curr Oncol Rep 16(12):417

    Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  42. Calcagni N, Gana K, Quintard B (2019) A systematic review of complementary and alternative medicine in oncology: psychological and physical effects of manipulative and body-based practices. PLoS ONE 14(10):e0223564

    Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  43. He Y, Guo X, May BH, Zhang AL, Liu Y, Lu C, Mao JJ, Xue CC, Zhang H (2019) Clinical evidence for association of acupuncture and acupressure with improved cancer pain: a systematic review and meta-analysis. JAMA Oncol 6(2):271–278

    Article  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  44. Bao T, Patil S, Chen C, Zhi IW, Li QS, Piulson L, Mao JJ (2020) Effect of acupuncture vs sham procedure on chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy symptoms: a randomized clinical trial. JAMA Netw Open 3(3):e200681

    Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  45. Chien TJ, Liu CY, Fang CJ (2019) The effect of acupuncture in breast cancer-related lymphoedema (BCRL): a systematic review and meta-analysis. Integr Cancer Ther 18:1534735419866910

    Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  46. Serfaty M, Wilkinson S, Freeman C, Mannix K, King M (2012) The ToT study: helping with Touch or Talk (ToT): a pilot randomised controlled trial to examine the clinical effectiveness of aromatherapy massage versus cognitive behaviour therapy for emotional distress in patients in cancer/palliative care. Psychooncology 21(5):563–569

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  47. Würtzen H, Dalton SO, Elsass P, Sumbundu AD, Steding-Jensen M, Karlsen RV, Andersen KK, Flyger HL, Pedersen AE, Johansen C (2013) Mindfulness significantly reduces self-reported levels of anxiety and depression: results of a randomised controlled trial among 336 Danish women treated for stage I-III breast cancer. Eur J Cancer 49(6):1365–1373

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  48. Hoffman CJ, Ersser SJ, Hopkinson JB, Nicholls PG, Harrington JE, Thomas PW (2012) Effectiveness of mindfulness-based stress reduction in mood, breast- and endocrine-related quality of life, and well-being in stage 0 to III breast cancer: a randomized, controlled trial. J Clin Oncol 30(12):1335–1342

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  49. Banerjee B, Vadiraj HS, Ram A, Rao R, Jayapal M, Gopinath KS, Ramesh BS, Rao N, Kumar A, Raghuram N, Hegde S, Nagendra HR, Prakash Hande M (2007) Effects of an integrated yoga program in modulating psychological stress and radiation-induced genotoxic stress in breast cancer patients undergoing radiotherapy. Integr Cancer Ther 6(3):242–250

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  50. Blank SE, Kittel J, Haberman MR (2003) Active practice of Iyengar yoga as an intervention for breast cancer survivors. Int J Yoga Ther 13:51–59

    Google Scholar 

  51. Chandwani KD, Thornton B, Perkins GH, Arun B, Raghuram NV, Nagendra HR, Wei Q, Cohen L (2010) Yoga improves quality of life and benefit finding in women undergoing radiotherapy for breast cancer. J Soc Integr Oncol 8(2):43–55

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  52. Raghavendra RM, Nagarathna R, Nagendra HR, Gopinath KS, Srinath BS, Ravi BD, Patil S, Ramesh BS, Nalini R (2007) Effects of an integrated yoga programme on chemotherapy-induced nausea and emesis in breast cancer patients. Eur J Cancer Care (Engl) 16(6):462–474

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  53. Rao MR, Raghuram N, Nagendra HR, Gopinath KS, Srinath BS, Diwakar RB, Patil S, Bilimagga SR, Rao N, Varambally S (2009) Anxiolytic effects of a yoga program in early breast cancer patients undergoing conventional treatment: a randomized controlled trial. Complement Ther Med 17(1):1–8

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  54. Vadiraja HS, Raghavendra RM, Nagarathna R, Nagendra HR, Rekha M, Vanitha N, Gopinath KS, Srinath BS, Vishweshwara MS, Madhavi YS, Ajaikumar BS, Ramesh BS, Nalini R, Kumar V (2009) Effects of a yoga program on cortisol rhythm and mood states in early breast cancer patients undergoing adjuvant radiotherapy: a randomized controlled trial. Integr Cancer Ther 8(1):37–46

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  55. Danhauer SC, Mihalko SL, Russell GB, Campbell CR, Felder L, Daley K, Levine EA (2009) Restorative yoga for women with breast cancer: findings from a randomized pilot study. Psychooncology 18(4):360–368

    Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  56. Moadel AB, Shah C, Wylie-Rosett J, Harris MS, Patel SR, Hall CB, Sparano JA (2007) Randomized controlled trial of yoga among a multiethnic sample of breast cancer patients: effects on quality of life. J Clin Oncol 25(28):4387–4395

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  57. Banasik J, Williams H, Haberman M, Blank SE, Bendel R (2011) Effect of Iyengar yoga practice on fatigue and diurnal salivary cortisol concentration in breast cancer survivors. J Am Acad Nurse Pract 23(3):135–142

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  58. Bower JE, Garet D, Sternlieb B, Ganz PA, Irwin MR, Olmstead R, Greendale G (2012) Yoga for persistent fatigue in breast cancer survivors: a randomized controlled trial. Cancer 118(15):3766–3775

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  59. Carson JW, Carson KM, Porter LS, Keefe FJ, Seewaldt VL (2009) Yoga of awareness program for menopausal symptoms in breast cancer survivors: results from a randomized trial. Support Care Cancer 17(10):1301–1309

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  60. Culos-Reed SN, Carlson LE, Daroux LM, Hately-Aldous S (2006) A pilot study of yoga for breast cancer survivors: physical and psychological benefits. Psychooncology 15(10):891–897

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  61. Littman AJ, Bertram LC, Ceballos R, Ulrich CM, Ramaprasad J, McGregor B, McTiernan A (2012) Randomized controlled pilot trial of yoga in overweight and obese breast cancer survivors: effects on quality of life and anthropometric measures. Support Care Cancer 20(2):267–277

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  62. Jain R, Kosta S, Tiwari A (2010) Ayurveda and cancer. Pharmacogn Res 2(6):393–394

    Article  Google Scholar 

  63. Balachandran P, Govindarajan R (2005) Cancer—an ayurvedic perspective. Pharmacol Res 51(1):19–30

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  64. Cohen MM (2014) Tulsi - Ocimum sanctum: a herb for all reasons. J Ayurveda Integr Med 5(4):251–259

    Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  65. Saxena A, Dixit S, Aggarwal S, Seenu V, Prashad R, Bhushan SM, Tranikanti V, Misra MC, Srivastava A (2008) An ayurvedic herbal compound to reduce toxicity to cancer chemotherapy: a randomized controlled trial. Indian J Med Paediatr Oncol 29:11–18

    Article  Google Scholar 

  66. Joseph CD, Praveenkumar V, Kuttan G, Kuttan R (1999) Myeloprotective effect of a non-toxic indigenous preparation Rasayana in cancer patients receiving chemotherapy and radiation therapy. A pilot study. J Exp Clin Cancer Res 18(3):325–329

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  67. Amadi CN, Orisakwe OE (2018) Herb-induced liver injuries in developing nations: an update. Toxics 6(2):24

    Article  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  68. Asif M (2012) A brief study of toxic effects of some medicinal herbs on kidney. Adv Biomed Res 1:44

    Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  69. Singh P, Yadav RJ, Pandey A (2005) Utilization of indigenous systems of medicine & homoeopathy in India. Indian J Med Res 122(2):137–142

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  70. Broom A, Nayar K, Tovey P, Shirali R, Thakur R, Seth T, Chhetri P (2009) Indian cancer patients’ use of traditional, complementary and alternative medicine (TCAM) and delays in presentation to Hospital. Oman Med J 24(2):99–102

    PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  71. Pal SK (2002) Use of alternative cancer medicine in India. Lancet Oncol 3(7):394–395

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  72. Johnson SB, Park HS, Gross CP, James BY (2018) Complementary medicine, refusal of conventional cancer therapy, and survival among patients with curable cancers. JAMA Oncol 4(10):1375–1381

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  73. Sparreboom A, Cox MC, Acharya MR, Figg WD (2004) Herbal remedies in the United States: potential adverse interactions with anticancer agents. J Clin Oncol 22(12):2489–2503

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  74. Government of India. Ministry of Ayush. Available from: https://main.ayush.gov.in. Accessed 29 June 2020

  75. Ministry of Health and Family Welfare. Government of India. National Health Policy 2017. Available from: https://www.nhp.gov.in/nhpfiles/national_health_policy_2017.pdf, Accessed 12 Aug 2020

Download references

Disclaimer

Where authors are identified as personnel of the International Agency for Research on Cancer/World Health Organization, the authors alone are responsible for the views expressed in this article and they do not necessarily represent the decisions, policy or views of the International Agency for Research on Cancer/World Health Organization.

Funding

None.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Screening Group, Early Detection and Prevention Section, International Agency for Research On Cancer (WHO), 150 cours Albert Thomas, 69372, Lyon Cedex 08, France

    Partha Basu

  2. All India Institute of Ayurveda, New Delhi, India

    Richa Tripathi

  3. ICMR-India Cancer Research Consortium, New Delhi, India

    Ravi Mehrotra

  4. Open Health Systems Laboratory, Rockville, USA

    Koninika Ray & Anil Srivastava

  5. Department of Surgical Disciplines, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India

    Anurag Srivastava

Authors
  1. Partha Basu
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Richa Tripathi
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. Ravi Mehrotra
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  4. Koninika Ray
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  5. Anurag Srivastava
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  6. Anil Srivastava
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Partha Basu.

Ethics declarations

Conflict of interest

None.

Additional information

Publisher's Note

Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this article

Basu, P., Tripathi, R., Mehrotra, R. et al. Role of integrative medicine in the continuum of care of breast cancer patients in the Indian context. Cancer Causes Control 32, 429–440 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10552-021-01399-0

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10552-021-01399-0

Keywords

Search

Navigation