Abstract
Purpose
We characterized the neighborhood obesogenic environment in the Multiethnic Cohort (MEC) by examining the associations of obesity with attributes of the social and built environment, establishing a multi-level infrastructure for future cancer research.
Methods
For 102,906 African American, Japanese American, Latino, and white MEC participants residing predominately in Los Angeles County, baseline residential addresses (1993–1996) were linked to census and geospatial data, capturing neighborhood socioeconomic status (nSES), population density, commuting, food outlets, amenities, walkability, and traffic density. We examined neighborhood attributes and obesity (body mass index ≥ 30 kg/m2) associations using multinomial logistic regression, adjusting for individual-level (e.g., demographics, physical activity, and diet) and neighborhood-level factors.
Results
NSES was associated with obesity among African Americans, Latinos, and whites (p-trend ≤ 0.02), with twofold higher odds (adjusted odds ratios, 95% confidence intervals) for living in the lowest versus highest quintile among African American women (2.07, 1.62–2.65), white men (2.11, 1.29–3.44), and white women (2.50, 1.73–3.61). Lower density of businesses among African American and white women and lower traffic density among white men were also associated with obesity (p-trends ≤ 0.02).
Conclusions
Our study highlights differential impacts of neighborhood factors across racial/ethnic groups and establishes the foundation for multi-level studies of the neighborhood context and obesity-related cancers.
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Funding
This work was supported by the National Cancer Institute grant R01 CA154644. The Multiethnic Cohort Study was supported by the National Cancer Institute grants R01 CA54281, R37CA54281, and UM1 CA164973 to L. Le Marchand, L.R. Wilkens, and C.A. Haiman. The development of the California Neighborhoods Data System was supported by the National Cancer Institute grant (R03 CA117324) and by a Rapid Response Surveillance Study from the SEER program under a modification to contract N01-PC-35136.
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Conroy, S.M., Shariff-Marco, S., Yang, J. et al. Characterizing the neighborhood obesogenic environment in the Multiethnic Cohort: a multi-level infrastructure for cancer health disparities research. Cancer Causes Control 29, 167–183 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10552-017-0980-1
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10552-017-0980-1