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Trends in initial management of prostate cancer in New Hampshire

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Abstract

Purpose

Prostate cancer management strategies are evolving with increased understanding of the disease. Specifically, there is emerging evidence that “low-risk” cancer is best treated with observation, while localized “high-risk” cancer requires aggressive curative therapy. In this study, we evaluated trends in management of prostate cancer in New Hampshire to determine adherence to evidence-based practice.

Methods

From the New Hampshire State Cancer Registry, cases of clinically localized prostate cancer diagnosed in 2004–2011 were identified and classified according to D’Amico criteria. Initial treatment modality was recorded as surgery, radiation therapy, expectant management, or hormone therapy. Temporal trends were assessed by Chi-square for trend.

Results

Of 6,203 clinically localized prostate cancers meeting inclusion criteria, 34, 30, and 28 % were low-, intermediate-, and high-risk disease, respectively. For low-risk disease, use of expectant management (17–42 %, p < 0.001) and surgery (29–39 %, p < 0.001) increased, while use of radiation therapy decreased (49–19 %, p < 0.001). For intermediate-risk disease, use of surgery increased (24–50 %, p < 0.001), while radiation decreased (58–34 %, p < 0.001). Hormonal therapy alone was rarely used for low- and intermediate-risk disease. For high-risk patients, surgery increased (38–47 %, p = 0.003) and radiation decreased (41–38 %, p = 0.026), while hormonal therapy and expectant management remained stable.

Discussion

There are encouraging trends in the management of clinically localized prostate cancer in New Hampshire, including less aggressive treatment of low-risk cancer and increasing surgical treatment of high-risk disease.

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Conflict of interest

The authors declare that they have no conflicts of interest.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Section of Urology, Department of Surgery, Dartmouth-Hitchcock Medical Center, Lebanon, NH, USA

    Johann P. Ingimarsson & Elias S. Hyams

  2. New Hampshire State Cancer Registry, Lebanon, NH, USA

    Maria O. Celaya & Judy R. Rees

  3. Geisel School of Medicine, Hanover, NH, USA

    Maria O. Celaya & Judy R. Rees

  4. New Hampshire Division of Public Health Services, Bureau of Public Health Statistics and Informatics, Concord, NH, USA

    Michael Laviolette

Authors
  1. Johann P. Ingimarsson
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  2. Maria O. Celaya
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  3. Michael Laviolette
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  4. Judy R. Rees
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  5. Elias S. Hyams
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Correspondence to Elias S. Hyams.

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Ingimarsson, J.P., Celaya, M.O., Laviolette, M. et al. Trends in initial management of prostate cancer in New Hampshire. Cancer Causes Control 26, 923–929 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10552-015-0574-8

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10552-015-0574-8

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