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Coffee consumption and the risk of overall and fatal prostate cancer in the NIH-AARP Diet and Health Study

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Abstract

Purpose

Evidence on the association between coffee consumption and prostate cancer risk is inconsistent; furthermore, few studies have examined the relationship between coffee consumption and fatal prostate cancer. The aim of this study was to investigate whether coffee intake is associated with the risk of overall and fatal prostate cancer.

Methods

We conducted a prospective analysis among 288,391 men in the National Institutes of Health AARP Diet and Health Study who were between 50 and 71 years old at baseline in 1995–1996. Coffee consumption was assessed at baseline. Cox proportional hazards models were used to calculate the age- and multivariable-adjusted hazard ratios (HR)s and 95 % confidence intervals (CIs).

Results

Over 11 years of follow-up, 23,335 cases of prostate cancer were ascertained, including 2,927 advanced and 917 fatal cases. Coffee consumption was not significantly associated with prostate cancer risk. The multivariable-adjusted HRs (95 % CI), comparing those who drank six or more cups per day to nondrinker, were as follows: 0.94 (0.86–1.02), p trend = 0.08 for overall prostate cancer, 1.13 (0.91–1.40), p trend = 0.62 for advanced prostate cancer, and 0.79 (0.53–1.17), p trend = 0.20 for fatal prostate cancer. The findings remained nonsignificant when we stratified by prostate-specific antigen testing history or restricted to nonsmokers.

Conclusions

We found no statistically significant association between coffee consumption and the risk of overall, advanced, or fatal prostate cancer in this cohort, though a modest reduction in risk could not be excluded.

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Abbreviations

BMI:

Body mass index

CI:

Confidence interval

FFQ:

Food Frequency Questionnaire

HR:

Hazard ratio

NIH:

National Institutes of Health

PSA:

Prostate-specific antigen

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Acknowledgments

This research was supported in part by the Intermural Research Program of the National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health. C. Bosire was supported in part by the National Cancer Institute at the National Institutes of Health (training grant R25 CA098566). The authors thank Sigurd Hermansen and Kerry Grace Morrissey from Westat Inc. (Rockville, Maryland) for study outcomes ascertainment and management and Leslie Carroll at Information Management Services (Silver Spring, Maryland) for data support and analysis. Cancer incidence data from the Atlanta metropolitan area were collected by the Georgia Center for Cancer Statistics, Department of Epidemiology, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University. Cancer incidence data from California were collected by the California Department of Health Services, Cancer Surveillance Section. Cancer incidence data from the Detroit metropolitan area were collected by the Michigan Cancer Surveillance Program, Community Health Administration, State of Michigan. The Florida cancer incidence data used in this report were collected by the Florida Cancer Data System (FCDC) under contract with the Florida Department of Health (FDOH). (The views expressed herein are solely those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect those of the FCDC or FDOH.). Cancer incidence data from Louisiana were collected by the Louisiana Tumor Registry, Louisiana State University Medical Center in New Orleans. Cancer incidence data from New Jersey were collected by the New Jersey State Cancer Registry, Cancer Epidemiology Services, New Jersey State Department of Health and Senior Services. Cancer incidence data from North Carolina were collected by the North Carolina Central Cancer Registry. Cancer incidence data from Pennsylvania were supplied by the Division of Health Statistics and Research, Pennsylvania Department of Health, Harrisburg, Pennsylvania (The Pennsylvania Department of Health specifically disclaims responsibility for any analyses, interpretations or conclusions.). Cancer incidence data from Arizona were collected by the Arizona Cancer Registry, Division of Public Health Services, Arizona Department of Health Services. Cancer incidence data from Texas were collected by the Texas Cancer Registry, Cancer Epidemiology and Surveillance Branch, Texas Department of State Health Services. Cancer incidence data from Nevada were collected by the Nevada Central Cancer Registry, Center for Health Data and Research, Bureau of Health Planning and Statistics, State Health Division, State of Nevada Department of Health and Human Services.

Conflict of interest

The authors have no potential conflict of interest to declare.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Nutrition, Harvard School of Public Health, 655 Huntington Avenue, Boston, MA, 02115, USA

    Claire Bosire & Meir J. Stampfer

  2. Department of Epidemiology, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA

    Meir J. Stampfer & Kathryn M. Wilson

  3. Channing Laboratory, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA

    Meir J. Stampfer & Kathryn M. Wilson

  4. Division of Cancer Control and Population Sciences, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA

    Amy F. Subar

  5. Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA

    Yikyung Park & Rashmi Sinha

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  1. Claire Bosire
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  2. Meir J. Stampfer
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  3. Amy F. Subar
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  4. Kathryn M. Wilson
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Corresponding author

Correspondence to Claire Bosire.

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Bosire, C., Stampfer, M.J., Subar, A.F. et al. Coffee consumption and the risk of overall and fatal prostate cancer in the NIH-AARP Diet and Health Study. Cancer Causes Control 24, 1527–1534 (2013). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10552-013-0229-6

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10552-013-0229-6

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