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Circulating cytokines and risk of B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma: a prospective study

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Abstract

Cytokines play important roles in B-cell activation, proliferation, and apoptosis, thus may be etiologically related to risk of B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma (B-NHL). However, the association between circulating levels of cytokines and B-NHL risk has not been prospectively studied in non-HIV populations. The objective of this study was to assess this association by conducting a case–control study nested within a prospective cohort of non-HIV-infected, healthy women. Fifteen cytokines were measured in samples collected a median of 8.2 years prior to diagnosis in 92 cases and two matched controls per case. Only cytokines that showed adequate temporal reproducibility over a two-year period were included. The odds ratio (OR) for the highest tertile relative to the lowest was elevated for soluble IL-2 receptor (sIL-2R) (OR = 2.5, 95% CI = 1.4–4.7, p trend < 0.01) and decreased for IL-13 (OR = 0.5, 95% CI = 0.2–1.0, p trend = 0.05). Three other cytokines were marginally associated with risk of B-NHL: TNF-α (OR = 1.7, 95% CI = 0.9–3.3, p trend = 0.11), sTNF-R2 (OR = 1.9, 95% CI = 0.9–3.5, p trend = 0.06), and IL-5 (OR = 0.5, 95% CI = 0.3–1.0, p trend = 0.06). No association was observed between B-NHL risk and levels of the other cytokines measured (IL-1β, IL-1RA, IL-2, IL-4, IL-6, IL-10, IL-12, IL-12p70, CRP and sTNF-R1). This study suggests that dysregulated cytokines may be involved in B-NHL development.

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Abbreviations

AIDS:

Acquired immune deficiency syndrome

B-NHL:

B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma

BMI:

Body mass index

CRP:

C-reactive protein

CLL:

Chronic lymphocytic leukemia

CI:

Confidence interval

DLBCL:

Diffuse large B-cell lymphoma

FL:

Follicular lymphoma

IL:

Interleukin

IL-1RA:

IL-1 receptor antagonist

LD:

Limit of detection

MM:

Multiple myeloma

OR:

Odds ratio

SLL:

Small lymphocytic lymphoma

sIL-2R:

Soluble IL-2 receptor

TNF-α:

Tumor necrosis factor-α

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Financial support

This research was supported by National Institutes of Health grants R01 CA98661, center grant CA16087 from the National Cancer Institute and center grant ES00260 from the National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences.

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The authors have no conflicts of interest.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Environmental Medicine, New York University School of Medicine, 650 First Avenue, New York, NY, 10016-3240, USA

    Yian Gu, Roy E. Shore, Alan A. Arslan, Karen L. Koenig & Mengling Liu

  2. Radiation Effects Research Foundation, 5-2 Hijiyama Koen, Minami-ku, Hiroshima, 732-0815, Japan

    Roy E. Shore

  3. New York University Cancer Institute, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY, 10016, USA

    Alan A. Arslan, Karen L. Koenig & Anne Zeleniuch-Jacquotte

  4. Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, New York University School of Medicine, 550 First Avenue NBV-9E2, New York, NY, 10016, USA

    Alan A. Arslan

  5. Department of Pathology, New York University School of Medicine, 550 First Avenue TCH 3 375, New York, NY, 10016, USA

    Sherif Ibrahim

  6. Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh Cancer Institute, University of Pittsburgh, 5117 Centre Avenue, Pittsburgh, PA, 15213, USA

    Anna E. Lokshin

  7. Department of Environmental Medicine, New York University School of Medicine, 650 First Avenue, room 539, New York, NY, 10016-3240, USA

    Anne Zeleniuch-Jacquotte

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  1. Yian Gu
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Correspondence to Anne Zeleniuch-Jacquotte.

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Gu, Y., Shore, R.E., Arslan, A.A. et al. Circulating cytokines and risk of B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma: a prospective study. Cancer Causes Control 21, 1323–1333 (2010). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10552-010-9560-3

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10552-010-9560-3

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