Skip to main content
Log in

Conspicuous By Its Absence: Ethics and Managerial Economics

  • Published:
Journal of Business Ethics Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

This paper gives prescriptions for introducing ethical concerns into the economic theory of the firm. Topics include social responsibility, corporate governance, profit maximization, competition barriers, collusion, the market system, and welfare economics. The need for such prescriptions is based on a content analysis of 21 managerial economics texts for their coverage of ethics. My analysis finds that substantive discussions of ethics are conspicuous by their absence. As ethical breaches can involve significant monetary damages to a firm – particularly through adverse market reactions – moral-reasoning abilities can complement analytical skills. Consequently, my analysis demonstrates how ethics figure into the opportunity costs of managerial decision making, which is central to the economic definition of profit.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  • , H.: 1994, The Myth of the Heartless Businessman, The Wall Street Journal,7 Feb, A14.

  • Arce M., D. G. and L. B. Gunn: in press, Working Well with Others: The Evolution of Teamwork and Ethics, Public Choice.

  • K. J. Arrow (1968) ArticleTitleThe Economics of Moral Hazard: Further Comment American Economic Review 58 IssueID3 537–538

    Google Scholar 

  • K. J. Arrow (1973) ArticleTitleSocial Responsibility and Economic Efficiency Public Policy 21 303–317

    Google Scholar 

  • Bartley, R. L.: 2003, Economic Profit vs. Accounting Profit, The Wall Street Journal, 2 June, A17.

  • N. E. Bowie (1988) ArticleTitleFair Markets Journal of Business Ethics 7 89–98

    Google Scholar 

  • R. B. Braithwaite (1963) Theory of Games As a Tool for the Moral Philosopher Cambridge University Press Cambridge

    Google Scholar 

  • J. M. Buchanan (1992) ArticleTitleEconomic Science in the Future Eastern Economic Journal 18 IssueID4 401–403

    Google Scholar 

  • H. W. Chappell SuffixJr. T. M. Havrilesky R. R. McGregor (1997) ArticleTitleMonetary Policy Preferences of Individual FOMC Members: A Content Analysis of the Memoranda of Discussion Review of Economics and Statistics 79 IssueID3 454–460

    Google Scholar 

  • J. Creedy (1994) ArticleTitleExchange Equilibria: Bargaining, Utilitarian, and Competitive Solutions Australian Economic Papers 33 IssueID8 34–52

    Google Scholar 

  • A. Ehrbar (1998) Economic Value Added: The Real Key to Creating, Wealth Wiley New York

    Google Scholar 

  • J. Evensky (1993) ArticleTitleRetrospectives: Ethics and the Invisible Hand Journal of Economic Perspectives 7 IssueID2 197–205

    Google Scholar 

  • J. Evensky (2001) ArticleTitleAdam Smith’s Lost Legacy Southern Economic Journal 67 IssueID3 497–517

    Google Scholar 

  • R. E. Freeman D. R. Gilbert (1988) Disconnecting Ethics from Strategy: The Case of Corporate Social Responsibility. Chapter 5 in Corporate Strategy and the Search for Ethics Prentice Hall Englewood Cliffs, NJ 87–105

    Google Scholar 

  • Friedman, M.: 1970, The Social Responsibility of Business Is to Increase Its Profits, New York Times, Sunday Magazine, September 13, pp. 32, 33, 122, 124, 126.

  • N. Frohlich J. A. Oppeheimer (1992) Choosing Justice. An Experimental Approach to Ethical Theory University of California Press Berkeley

    Google Scholar 

  • J. J. Graafland (2002) ArticleTitleProfits and Principles: Four Perspectives Journal of Business Ethics 35 293–305

    Google Scholar 

  • R. E. Hattwick (1986) ArticleTitleThe Behavioral Economics of Business Ethics Journal of Behavioral Economics 15 IssueID1/2 87–101

    Google Scholar 

  • D. M. Hausman M. S. McPherson (1996) Economic Analysis and Moral Philosophy Cambridge University Press Cambridge

    Google Scholar 

  • T. Havrilesky (1993) ArticleTitleLife Philosophy: Ethics and Economists American Economist 32 IssueID5 1–5

    Google Scholar 

  • D. E. Hecker (1998) ArticleTitleEarnings of College Graduates: Women Compared with Men Monthly Labor Review 121 62–71

    Google Scholar 

  • J. Hirshleifer (1987) Disaster Behavior: Altruism or Alliance? Chapter4 J. Hirshleifer (Eds) Economic Behavior in Adversity University of Chicago Press Chicago 134–141

    Google Scholar 

  • Hosmer, L. T.: 2004, Enron Corporation and the Need to Extend the Scope of Business Ethics, working paper, School of Business Administration, University of Michigan.

  • L. T. Hosmer F. Cheng (2001) ArticleTitleEthics and Economics: Growing Opportunities for Joint Research Business Ethics Quarterly 11 IssueID4 599–622

    Google Scholar 

  • Jenkins, H. W. Jr.: 2003, Business World, The Wall Street Journal, 21 May, A13.

  • K. Koford M. Penno (1992) Accounting Principal-Agent Theory, and Self-Interested Behavior N. E. Bowie R. E. Freeman (Eds) Ethics and Agency Theory: An Introduction Oxford University Press N.Y. 127–142

    Google Scholar 

  • Knight, F.: 1921, Risk, Uncertainty and Profit Houghton, Mifflin, Boston.

  • Knight, F. H.: 1935, The Ethics of Competition and Other Essays (Harper, New York).

  • K. Krippendorff (2004) Content Analysis. An Introduction to Its Methodology EditionNumber2 Sage Thousand Oaks, CA

    Google Scholar 

  • Langley, M.: 2003, Making the Grade: Want to Raise Your Firm’s Rating for Governance? Buy the Test, The Wall Street Journal, 6 June.

  • S. Maital (1994) Executive Economics The Free Press New York

    Google Scholar 

  • D. N. McCloskey S. T. Ziliak (1996) ArticleTitleThe Standard Error of Regressions Journal of Economic Literature 34 IssueID1 97–114

    Google Scholar 

  • R. E. Moor (1987) ArticleTitleEthics for Businesses⋖ And Their Economists Business Economics 22 IssueID3 11–14

    Google Scholar 

  • Nash, J.: 1950, Noncooperative Games, Ph.D. Thesis, Princeton University.

  • T. H. Noe M. J. Rebello (1994) ArticleTitleThe Dynamics of Business Ethics and Economic Activity American Economic Review 84 IssueID3 531–547

    Google Scholar 

  • E. Noreen (1988) ArticleTitleThe Economics of Agency: A New Perspective on Agency Theory Accounting, Organizations and Society 13 IssueID4 359–369

    Google Scholar 

  • E. Northrup (2000) ArticleTitleNormative Foundations of Introductory Economics American Economist 44 IssueID1 53–61

    Google Scholar 

  • G. L. Pamental (1988) ArticleTitleA Different Look at Texts Journal of Business Ethics 7 IssueID7 531–536

    Google Scholar 

  • J. N. Prasad Y. Kathawala M. Monippallil R. Hattwick (1993) ArticleTitleBusiness and Academe: A Comparison of Perceptions and Business Ethics Journal of Socio-Economics 22 IssueID1 69–83

    Google Scholar 

  • P. Primeaux J. Stieber (1995) Profit Maximization. The Ethical Mandate of Business Austin & Winfield San Francisco

    Google Scholar 

  • P. Primeaux J. Stieber (1999) ArticleTitleWhen MR=MC: Ethical Efficiencies in Valuing and Pricing Journal of Business Ethics 18 201–211

    Google Scholar 

  • J. Rawls (1971) A Theory of Justice Harvard University Press Cambridge, MA

    Google Scholar 

  • T. Sandler (2001) Economic Concepts for the Social Sciences Cambridge University Press Cambridge

    Google Scholar 

  • A. Sen (1987) Ethics and Economics Oxford New Delhi

    Google Scholar 

  • M. Shaffer (1989) ArticleTitleAre Profit Maximizers the Best Survivors? A Darwinian Model of Economic Natural Selection Journal of Economic Behavior and Organization 12 29–45

    Google Scholar 

  • Shell Corporation: 1998, Profits and Principles – Does There Have To Be A Choice?.

  • Sidel, R.: 2004, Poison-Pill Defenses Lose Favor, The Wall Street Journal, March 2. p. C1.

  • G. J. Stigler (1981) Economics or Ethics S. M. McMurrin (Eds) The Tanner Lectures on Human Values, Vol. II University of Utah Press Salt Lake City 143–191

    Google Scholar 

  • The Economist: 2002, Economics Focus: Never the Twain Shall Meet, 2 February, p. 74.

  • A. Tucker (1950) ArticleTitleA Two-Person Dilemma UMAP Journal, 1980 1 101–103

    Google Scholar 

  • R. P. Weber (1990) Basic Content Analysis EditionNumber2 SAGE Publications Newburry Park, CA

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Daniel G. Arce M..

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Cite this article

Arce M., D.G. Conspicuous By Its Absence: Ethics and Managerial Economics. J Bus Ethics 54, 261–277 (2004). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10551-004-1773-5

Download citation

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10551-004-1773-5

Keywords

Navigation