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The Energy Balance Experiment EBEX-2000. Part I: overview and energy balance

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Abstract

An overview of the Energy Balance Experiment (EBEX-2000) is given. This experiment studied the ability of state-of-the-art measurements to close the surface energy balance over a surface (a vegetative canopy with large evapotranspiration) where closure has been difficult to obtain. A flood-irrigated cotton field over uniform terrain was used, though aerial imagery and direct flux measurements showed that the surface still was inhomogeneous. All major terms of the surface energy balance were measured at nine sites to characterize the spatial variability across the field. Included in these observations was an estimate of heat storage in the plant canopy. The resultant imbalance still was 10%, which exceeds the estimated measurement error. We speculate that horizontal advection in the layer between the canopy top and our flux measurement height may cause this imbalance, though our estimates of this term using our measurements resulted in values less than what would be required to balance the budget.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. National Center for Atmospheric Research/ATD, P.O. Box 3000, Boulder, CO, 80307-3000, USA

    Steven P. Oncley

  2. University of Bayreuth, Bayreuth, Germany

    Thomas Foken

  3. University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland

    Roland Vogt, Andreas Christen, Christian Feigenwinter & Irene Lehner

  4. Royal Netherlands Meteorological Institute (KNMI), De Bilt, The Netherlands

    Wim Kohsiek

  5. Meteorology and Air Quality Group, Wageningen University and Research Center, Wageningen, The Netherlands

    H. A. R. DeBruin

  6. Dresden University of Technology, Dresden, Germany

    Christian Bernhofer

  7. CSIRO, Canberra, Australia

    Eva van Gorsel

  8. Kearney Research Center, University of California, Parlier, CA, USA

    David Grantz

  9. e-fellows.net, Munich, Germany

    Claudia Liebethal

  10. Jackson State University, Jackson, MS, USA

    Heping Liu

  11. Agriculture and Agri-Food, Ottawa, Ont., Canada

    Matthias Mauder

  12. University of Padova, Padova, Italy

    Andrea Pitacco

  13. Bragança Polytechnic Institute, Bragança, Portugal

    Luis Ribeiro

  14. Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary

    Tamas Weidinger

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  1. Steven P. Oncley
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  2. Thomas Foken
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  3. Roland Vogt
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  9. David Grantz
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  10. Christian Feigenwinter
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  17. Tamas Weidinger
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Correspondence to Steven P. Oncley.

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The National Center for Atmospheric Research is supported by the National Science Foundation

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Oncley, S.P., Foken, T., Vogt, R. et al. The Energy Balance Experiment EBEX-2000. Part I: overview and energy balance. Boundary-Layer Meteorol 123, 1–28 (2007). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10546-007-9161-1

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