Skip to main content

Advertisement

SpringerLink
Log in

Eyeglasses-powered, contact lens-like platform with high power transfer efficiency

  • Published:
Biomedical Microdevices Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

We present a contact lens-like platform that is wirelessly powered by an external coil embedded in eyeglasses via magnetic resonance coupling at 13.56 MHz. The platform is composed of a transparent parylene film as a host substrate, an embedded spiral inductor as a power receiving coil, and metal interconnects for additional electronics. A multilayer thin-film parylene packaging process is used to meet the form factor of a contact lens. A 36 μm-thick metal plating technique is employed on a parylene film to enhance the quality factor (Q) of the receiving coil (Q = 27.3 at 13.56 MHz). The power transfer method and techniques to compensate for coil misalignment are demonstrated on a pig eye, achieving a power transfer efficiency of 17.5 % at a 20-mm powering distance. The effect of tissue on the coil and the power transfer efficiency is examined. The high power transfer efficiency along with the wearable prototype demonstrated herein make promising progress toward smart contact lens in ocular diagnostics.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Fig. 1
Fig. 2
Fig. 3
Fig. 4
Fig. 5
Fig. 6
Fig. 7

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  • R.J. Cameron, C.M. Kudsia, R.R. Mansour, Microwave filters for communication systems. (Wiley-Interscience, 2007), pp. 279–293

  • A.P. Chandrakasan, N. Verma, D.C. Daly, Annu. Rev. Biomed. Eng. 10, 247–274 (2008)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • G. Chen, H. Ghaed, R. Haque, M. Wieckowski, Y. Kim, G. Kim, D. Fick, D. Kim, M. Seok, K. Wise, D. Blaauw, D. Sylvester, IEEE Int. Solid State Circuits Conf. (ISSCC), 310–312 (2011)

  • N.M. Farandos, A.K. Yetisen, M.J. Monteiro, C.R. Lowe, S.H. Yun, Adv. Healthcare Mater. 4, 6 (2015)

    Google Scholar 

  • D. Ha, W.N. de Vries, S.W. John, P.P. Irazoqui, W.J. Chappell, Biomed. Microdevices 14, 1 (2012)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • D. Ha, T.-C. Lee, D.J. Webery, W.J. Chappell, IEEE MTT-S Int. Microw. Symp. Dig. (IMS), 1–4, (2014)

  • A. Kurs, A. Karalis, R. Moffatt, J.D. Joannopoulos, P. Fisher, M. Soljačić, Science 317, 83 (2007)

    Article  MathSciNet  Google Scholar 

  • M. Leonardi, E.M. Pitchon, A. Bertsch, P. Renaud, A. Mermoud, Acta Ophthalmol. 87, 4 (2009)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • W. Li, D.C. Rodger, E. Meng, J.D. Weiland, M.S. Humayun, Y.-C. Tai, IEEE Int. Conf. Microtechnol. Med. Biol. (MMB), 105–108 (2006)

  • A.R. Lingley, M. Ali, Y. Liao, R. Mirjalili, M. Klonner, M. Sopanen, S. Suihkonen, T. Shen, B.P. Otis, H. Lipsanen, B.A. Parviz, J. Micromech. Microeng. 21, 12 (2011)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • J. Maeng, B. Kim, D. Ha, W.J. Chappell, IEEE Trans. Microwave Theory Tech. 59, 12 (2011)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • J. Maeng, C. Meng, P.P. Irazoqui, Biomed. Microdevices 17, 7 (2015)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • K. Mansouri, F.A. Medeiros, A. Tafreshi, R.N. Weinreb, Arch. Ophthalmol. 130, 12 (2012)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • N.A. McNamara, K.A. Polse, R.J. Brand, A.D. Graham, J.S. Chan, C.D. McKenney, Am J. Ophthalmol. 127, 6 (1999)

    Google Scholar 

  • E. Meng, R. Sheybani, Lab Chip 14, 17 (2014)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • J. Pandey, Y. Liao, A. Lingley, R. Mirjalili, B. Parviz, B. Otis, IEEE Trans. Biomed. Circuits Syst. 4, 6 (2010)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • G.A. Salvatore, N. Münzenrieder, T. Kinkeldei, L. Petti, C. Zysset, I. Strebel, L. Büthe, G. Tröster, Nat. Commun. 5, 2982 (2014)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • P. Si, A. Hu, J. Hsu, M. Chiang, Y. Wang, S. Malpas, D. Budgett, IEEE Ind. Electr. Appl., 235–239 (2007)

  • M.A. Spivack, Rev. Sci. Instrum. 41, 11 (1970)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • X. Sun, X. Peng, Y. Zheng, X. Li, H. Zhang, J. Microelectromech. Syst. 23, 4 (2014)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • N. Thomas, I. Lähdesmäki, B.A. Parviz, Sensors Actuators B 162, 1 (2012)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Ç. Varel, Y.C. Shih, B.P. Otis, T.S. Shen, K.F. Böhringer, J. Micromech. Microeng. 24, 4 (2014)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • B. Winn, D. Whitaker, D.B. Elliott, N.J. Phillips, Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci. 35, 3 (1994)

    Google Scholar 

  • R. Wu, S. Raju, M. Chan, J.K. Sin, C.P. Yue, IEEE Electron Device Lett. 34, 1 (2013)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • H. Yao, A.J. Shum, M. Cowan, I. Lähdesmäki, B.A. Parviz, Biosens. Bioelectron. 26, 7 (2011)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • H. Yao, C. Marcheselli, A. Afanasiev, I. Lähdesmäki, B.A. Parviz, IEEE Int. Conf. Microelectron. Mech. Syst. (MEMS), 769–772 (2012)

  • Y. Zhao, M. Nandra, C.-C. Yu, Y.-C. Tai, Int. Conf. Eng. Med. Biol. Soc. (EMBS), 6583–6586 (2012)

Download references

Acknowledgments

The authors are thankful to Jongbum Kim for taking SEM pictures.

Author information

Author notes

    Authors and Affiliations

    1. Center for Implantable Devices, School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, 47907, USA

      Young-Joon Kim

    2. Center for Implantable Devices, Weldon School of Biomedical Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, 47907, USA

      Jimin Maeng & Pedro P. Irazoqui

    Authors
    1. Young-Joon Kim
      View author publications

      You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

    2. Jimin Maeng
      View author publications

      You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

    3. Pedro P. Irazoqui
      View author publications

      You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

    Corresponding author

    Correspondence to Jimin Maeng.

    Additional information

    Young-Joon Kim and Jimin Maeng contributed equally to this work.

    Rights and permissions

    Reprints and permissions

    About this article

    Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

    Cite this article

    Kim, YJ., Maeng, J. & Irazoqui, P.P. Eyeglasses-powered, contact lens-like platform with high power transfer efficiency. Biomed Microdevices 17, 75 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10544-015-9979-0

    Download citation

    • Published:

    • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10544-015-9979-0

    Keywords

    Search

    Navigation