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Salt oversensitivity derived from mutation breeding improves salinity tolerance in barley via ion homeostasis

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Biologia Plantarum

Abstract

Salt stress imposes a major environmental threat to agriculture, therefore, understanding the basic physiology and genetics of cell under salt stress is crucial for developing any breeding strategy. In the present study, the expression profile of genes involved in ion homeostasis including salt overly sensitive (HvSOS1, HvSOS2, HvSOS3), vacuolar Na+/H+ antiporter (HvNHX1), and H+-ATPase (HVA) along with ion content measurement were investigated in two genotypes of Hordeum vulgare under 300 mM NaCl. The gene expressions were measured in the roots and shoots of a salt-tolerant mutant genotype M4-73-30 and in its wild-type cv. Zarjou by real-time qPCR technique. The critical differences between the salt-tolerant mutant and its wild-type were observed in the expressions of HvSOS1 (105-fold), HvSOS2 (24-fold), HvSOS3 (31-fold), and HVA (202-fold) genes in roots after 6-h exposure to NaCl. The parallel early up-regulation of these genes in root samples of the salt-tolerant mutant genotype indicated induction of Na+/H+ antiporters activity and Na+ exclusion into apoplast and vacuole. The earlier up-regulation of HvSOS1, HVA, and HvNHX1 genes in shoot of the wild-type genotype corresponded to the relative accumulation of Na+ which was not observed in salt-tolerant mutant genotype because of efficient inhibitory role of the root in Na+ transport to the shoot. In conclusion, the lack of similarity in gene expression patterns between the two genotypes with similar genetic background may confirm the hypothesis that mutation breeding could change the ability of salt-tolerant mutant genotype for efficient ion homeostasis via salinity oversensitivity response.

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Abbreviations

CBL:

calcineurin B-like protein

CIPK:

CBL-interacting protein kinase

HVA:

H+-ATPase

NHX1:

Na+/H+ exchanger1

qPCR:

quantitative PCR

SOS:

salt overly sensitive

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Gorgan University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources, Gorgan, 49138-15739, Iran

    S. Yousefirad, H. Soltanloo, S. S. Ramezanpour & K. Zaynalinezhad

  2. Genome Center, National Institute of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Tehran, 14965-161, Iran

    V. Shariati

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  1. S. Yousefirad
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  2. H. Soltanloo
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  3. S. S. Ramezanpour
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Correspondence to H. Soltanloo.

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Acknowledgment: The authors would like to acknowledge the financial support received from the Faculty of Plant Production, Department of Plant Breeding and Biotechnology, Gorgan University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources, Gorgan, Iran. The authors would like to thank the Seed and Plant Improvement Institute, Karaj, Iran, for the provision of seed material.

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Yousefirad, S., Soltanloo, H., Ramezanpour, S.S. et al. Salt oversensitivity derived from mutation breeding improves salinity tolerance in barley via ion homeostasis. Biol Plant 62, 775–785 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10535-018-0823-2

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