Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Effect of wounding on chalcone synthase and pathogenesis related PR-10 gene expression and content of phenolic compounds in bilberry leaves

  • Brief Communication
  • Published:
Biologia Plantarum

Abstract

The influence of artificial wounding on biosynthesis of flavonoids and hydroxycinnamic acids was studied in bilberry leaves using two separate wounding experiments. In the first experiment bilberry leaves were wounded by cutting. The expression of the first gene from flavonoid pathway, chalcone synthase (CHS) and a wound induced pathogenesis related PR-10 gene was analysed from samples collected immediately and after 3, 6, 24 h and 4 d from the wounding treatment. In the second experiment annual shoots were removed. Proanthocyanidins, flavonol glycosides and hydroxycinnamic acids were quantified in leaf samples after 0–5 d (experiment 1) and 5 weeks (experiment 2) from the treatment. In the first experiment, no change was observed in the expression of CHS whereas increase in expression of PR-10 gene was detected after 6 h of wounding treatment. In both experiments, the contents of flavonol glycosides and hydroxycinnamic acids were not influenced by the wounding treatment and the contents of proanthocyanidins were decreased.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Abbreviations

CTAB:

hexadecyltrimethylammonium bromide

CHS:

chalcone synthase

DAD:

diode-array detection

GAPDH:

glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase

PR-10:

pathogenesis related protein 10

References

  • Bernards, M.A., Lewis, N.G.: Alkyl ferulates in wound healing potato tubers.-Phytochemistry 31: 3409–3412, 1992.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Bowles, D.J.: Defence-related proteins in higher plants.-Annu. Rev. Biochem. 59:873–907, 1990.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Briggs, M.A.: Relation of Spodoptera eridania choice to tannins and protein of Lotus corniculatus.-J. chem. Ecol. 16: 1557–1564, 1990.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • De Bruxelles, G.L., Roberts, M.R.: Signals regulating multiple responses to wounding and herbivores.-Crit. Rev. Plant Sci. 20: 487–521, 2001.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Ceballos, L., Andary, C., Delescluse, M., Gibernau, M., McKey, D., Hossart-McKey, M.: Effects of sublethal attack by a suckling insect, Hyalymenus tarsatus, on Sesbania drummondii seeds: impact on some seed traits related to fitness.-EcoScience 9: 28–36, 2002.

    Google Scholar 

  • Dixon, R.A., Paiva, N.L.: Stress-induced phenylpropanoid metabolism.-Plant Cell 7: 1085–1097, 1995.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Dixon, R.A., Xie, D., Sharma, S.B.: Proanthocyanidins — a final frontier in flavonoid research?-New Phytol. 165: 9–28, 2005.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Fernández-Calvo, I.C., Obeso, J.R.: Growth, nutrient content, fruit production and herbivory in bilberry Vaccinium myrtillus L. along an altitudinal gradient.-Forestry 77: 213–223, 2004.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Graham, M.Y., Weidner, J., Wheeler, K., Pelow, M.J., Graham, T.L.: Induced expression of pathogenesis-related protein genes in soybean by wounding and the Phytophthora sojae cell wall glucan elicitor.-Physiol. mol. Plant. Pathol. 63: 141–149, 2003.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Harborne, J.B., Williams, C.: Advances in flavonoid research since 1992.-Phytochemistry 55: 481–504, 2000.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Haukioja, E.: Putting the insect into birch-insect interaction.-Oecologia 136: 161–168, 2003.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Housti, F., Andary, C., Gargadennec, A., Amssa, M., Effects of wounding and salicylic acids on hydroxycinnamoylmalic acids in Thunbergia alata.-Plant Physiol. Biochem. 40: 761–769, 2002.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Jaakola, L., Määttä, K., Pirttilä, A.M., Törrönen, R., Kärenlampi, S., Hohtola, A.: Expression of structural genes involved in anthocyanin biosynthesis in relation to anthocyanin and flavonoid levels during bilberry (Vaccinium myrtillus L.) fruit development.-Plant Physiol. 130: 729–739, 2002.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Jaakola, L., Määttä-Riihinen, K., Kärenlampi, S., Hohtola, A.: Activation of flavonoid biosynthesis by solar radiation in bilberry (Vaccinium myrtillus L.) leaves.-Planta 218: 721–728, 2004.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Jaakola, L., Pirttilä, A.M., Halonen, M., Hohtola, A.: Isolation of high quality RNA from the bilberry (Vaccinium myrtillus L.) fruit.-Mol. Biotechnol. 19: 201–203, 2001b.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Jaakola, L., Pirttilä, A.M., Hohtola, A.: cDNA blotting offers an alternative method for gene expression studies.-Plant mol. Biol. Rep. 19: 125–128, 2001c.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Jaakola, L., Tolvanen, A., Laine, K., Hohtola, A.: Effect of N6-isopentenyladenine concentration on growth initiation in vitro and rooting of bilberry and lingonberry microshoots.-Plant Cell Tissue Organ Cult. 66: 73–77, 2001a.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Laine, K., Henttonen, H.: Phenolics/nitrogen ratios in the blueberry Vaccinium myrtillus in relation to temperature and microtine density in Finnish Lapland.-Oikos 50: 389–395, 1987.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Liu, J.J., Ekramoddoullah, A.K.M., Yu, X: Differential expression of multiple PR10 proteins in western white pine following wounding, fungal infection and cold hardening.-Physiol. Plant. 119: 544–553, 2003.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Lawton, M.A., Lamb, C.J.: Transcriptional activation of plant defence genes by jmcv fungal elicitor, wounding, and infection.-Mol. cell. Biol. 7: 335–341, 1987.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Marles, M.A.S., Ray, H., Gruber, M.Y. New perspectives on proanthocyanidin biochemistry and molecular regulation.-Phytochemistry 64: 357–383, 2003.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Määttä, K., Kamal-Eldin, A., Törrönen, R. Phenolic compounds in berries of black, red, green, and white currants (Ribes sp.).-Antioxid. Redox Signaling 3: 981–993, 2001.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Pinto, M.P., Ribeiro, A., Regalado, A.P., Rodrigues-Pousada C., Ricardo C.P.P.: Expression of Lupinus albus PR-10 proteins during root and leaf development.-Biol. Plant. 49: 187–193, 2005.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Richard, S., Lapointe, G., Rutledge, R.G., Séguin, A.: Induction of chalcone synthase expression in white spruce by wounding and jasmonate.-Plant Cell. Physiol. 41: 982–987, 2000.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Roda, A.L., Oldham, N.J., Svatos, A., Baldwin, I.T.: Allometric analysis of the induced flavonols on the leaf surface of wild tobacco (Nicotiana attenuata).-Phytochemistry 62: 527–536, 2003.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Sallaud, C., El-Turk, J., Breda, C., Buffard, D., De Kozak, I., Esnault, R., Kondorosi, A.: Differential expression of cDNA coding for chalcone reductase, a key enzyme of the 5-deoxyflavonoid pathway, under various stress conditions in Medicago sativa.-Plant Sci. 109: 179–190, 1995.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Selas, V.: Population dynamics of capercaille Tetrao urogallus in relation to bilberry Vaccinium myrtillus production in southern Norway.-Wildlife Biol. 6: 1–11, 2000.

    Google Scholar 

  • Selas, V.: Autumn population size of capercaille Tetrao urogallus in relation to bilberry Vaccinium myrtillus production and weather: an analysis of Norwegian game reports.-Wildlife Biol. 7: 17–25, 2001.

    Google Scholar 

  • Tolvanen, A.: Differences in recovery between a deciduous and an evergreen ericaceous clonal dwarf shrub after simulated aboveground herbivory and belowground damage.-Can. J. Bot. 72: 853–859, 1994.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Tolvanen, A., Laine, K.: Effects of reproduction and artificial herbivory on vegetative growth and resource levels in deciduous and evergreen dwarf shrubs.-Can. J. Bot. 75: 656–666, 1997.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Vogt, T., Pollak, P., Tarlyn, N., Taylor, L.P.: Pollination-or wound-induced kaempferol accumulation in petunia stigmas enhances seed production.-Plant Cell 6: 11–23, 1994.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Witzell, J., Gref, R., Näsholm, T.: Plant-part specific and temporal variation in phenolic compounds of boreal bilberry (Vaccinium myrtillus) plants.-Biochem. System. Ecol. 31: 115–127, 2003.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Biology, University of Oulu, P.O.B. 3000, FIN-90014, Oulu, Finland

    L. Jaakola, J. J. Koskimäki & A. Hohtola

  2. Department of Biosciences, University of Kuopio, P.O.B. 1627, FIN-70211, Kuopio, Finland

    K. R. Riihinen

  3. Finnish Forest Research Institute, Muhos Research Station, FIN-91500, Muhos, Finland

    A. Tolvanen

Authors
  1. L. Jaakola
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. J. J. Koskimäki
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. K. R. Riihinen
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  4. A. Tolvanen
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  5. A. Hohtola
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to L. Jaakola.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Cite this article

Jaakola, L., Koskimäki, J.J., Riihinen, K.R. et al. Effect of wounding on chalcone synthase and pathogenesis related PR-10 gene expression and content of phenolic compounds in bilberry leaves. Biol Plant 52, 391–395 (2008). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10535-008-0082-8

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Accepted:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10535-008-0082-8

Additional key words

Search

Navigation