Abstract
The effects of NaCl on growth, contents of proteins and proline, and activities of catalase, peroxidase and polyphenol oxidase were investigated in seedlings and calli of Trigonella foenum-graecum L. and T. aphanoneura Rech. f. Seeds and hypocotyl explants were cultured on Murashige and Skoog medium supplemented with 0, 50, 100, 150 and 200 mM NaCl. Seed germination and the fresh and dry mass of the seedlings decreased significantly under salinity. In both species significant increases in protein content of seedlings over that of control were observed at 150 and 200 mM NaCl. Protein content in calli decreased at 200 mM NaCl over that of control. Protein content was higher in seedlings than in calli at all NaCl concentrations. Conversely, proline content was lower in seedlings than in calli at all the tested NaCl concentrations. NaCl caused changes in the activities of peroxidase, catalase and polyphenol oxidase in seedlings and calli.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Similar content being viewed by others
Abbreviations
- CAT:
-
catalase
- 2,4-D:
-
2,4-dichlorophenoxy acetic acid
- Kin:
-
kinetin
- POX:
-
peroxidase
- MS medium:
-
Murashige and Skoog (1962) medium
- PPO:
-
polyphenol oxidase
- ROS:
-
reactive oxygen species
- SDS-PAGE:
-
sodium dodecyl-sulfate polyacrylamid gel electrophoresis
References
Abeles, F.B., Biles, C.L.: Characterization of peroxidase in lignifying peach fruit endocarp.-Plant Physiol. 95: 269–273, 1991.
Aebi, H.: Catalases.-In: Bergmeyer, H.U. (ed.): Methods of Enzymatic Analysis. Vol. 2. Pp. 673–684. Academic Press, New York 1974.
Agarwal, S., Pandey, V.: Antioxidant enzyme responses to NaCl stress in Cassia angustifolia.-Biol. Plant. 48: 555–560, 2004.
Al-Khayri, J.M.: Growth, proline accumulation, and ion content in sodium chloride-stressed callus of date palm.-In Vitro cell. dev. Biol. Plant 38: 79–82, 2002.
Asharaf, M., Harris, P.J.C.: Potential biochemical indicators of salinity tolerance in plants.-Plant Sci. 166: 3–16, 2004.
Bartosz, G.: Oxidative stress in plants.-Acta Physiol. Plant. 19: 47–64, 1997.
Bates, L.S., Waldren, R.P., Teare, I.D.: Rapid determination of free proline for water-stress studies.-Plant Soil 39: 205–207, 1973.
Cherian, S., Reddy, M.P.: Evaluation on NaCl tolerance in callus cultures of Suaeda nudiflora Moq.-Biol. Plant. 46: 193–198, 2003.
Davis, B.J.: Disc electrophoresis. II. Method and application to human serum proteins.-Ann. New York Acad. Sci. USA 121: 404–427, 1964.
Fornazier, R.F., Ferreira, R.R., Vitoria, A.P., Nolina, S.M.G., Lea, P.J., Azevedo, R.A.: Effect of cadmium on antioxidant enzyme activities in sugar cane.-Biol. Plant. 45: 91–97, 2002.
Hall, J.L., Flowers, T.J.: The effects of NaCl on protein synthesis in the halophyte Suaeda maritima.-Planta 110: 361–368, 1973.
Holmberg, N., Bulow, L.: Improving stress tolerance in plants by gene transfer.-Trends Plant Sci. 3: 61–66, 1998.
Laemmli, U.K.: Cleavage of structural proteins during the assembly of the head of bacteriophage T4.-Nature 227: 680–685, 1970.
Lowry O.H., Rosebrough, N.J., Farr, A.L., Randall, R.J.: Protein measurement with the Folin-phenol reagent.-J. biol. Chem. 193: 265–275, 1951.
Mass, E.V., Ogata, G., Finkel, M.H.: Salt induced inhibition of phosphate transport and release of membrane proteins from barley roots.-Plant Physiol. 64: 139–143, 1979.
McCoy, T.J.: Tissue culture evaluation of NaCl tolerance in Medicago sativa species: cellular versus whole plant response.-Plant Cell Rep. 6: 31–34, 1987.
Murashige, T., Skoog, F.: A revised medium for rapid growth and bioassay with tobacco tissue cultures.-Physiol. Plant. 15: 473–497, 1962.
Niknam, V., Bagherzadeh, M., Ebrahimzadeh, H., Sokhansanj, A.: Effect of NaCl on biomass and content of sugars, proline and proteins in seedlings and leaf explants of Nicotiana tabacum grown in vitro.-Biol. Plant. 48: 613–615, 2004.
Olmos, E., Hellin, E.: Mechanisms of salt tolerance in a cell line of Pisum sativum: biochemical and physiological aspects.-Plant Sci. 120: 37–45, 1996.
Raymond, J., Pakariyathan, N., Azanza, J.L.: Purification and some properties of polyphenoloxidases from sunflowers seeds.-Phytochemistry 34: 927–931, 1993.
Rout, N.P., Shaw, B.P.: Salt tolerance in aquatic macrophytes: possible involvement of the antioxidative enzymes.-Plant Sci. 160: 415–423, 2001.
Serrano, R., Gaxiola, R.: Microbial models and salt tolerance in plants.-Crit. Rev. Plant Sci. 13: 121–138, 1994.
Townsend, C.C.: Leguminosae.-In: Townsend, C.C., Guest, E. (ed.): Flora of Iraq. Vol. 3. The University Press, Glasgow 1974.
Van Loon, L.C.: Tobacco polyphenoloxidase. A specific staining method indicating non-identify with peroxidase.-Phytochemistry 10: 503–507, 1971.
Woodbury, W., Spencer, A.K., Stahmann, M.A.: An improved procedure using ferricyanide for detecting catalase isoenzymes.-Anal. Biochem. 44: 301–305, 1971.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Niknam, V., Razavi, N., Ebrahimzadeh, H. et al. Effect of NaCl on biomass, protein and proline contents, and antioxidant enzymes in seedlings and calli of two Trigonella species. Biol Plant 50, 591–596 (2006). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10535-006-0093-2
Received:
Accepted:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10535-006-0093-2