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Effects of multiple global change treatments on soil N2O fluxes

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Abstract

Global environmental changes are expected to alter ecosystem carbon and nitrogen cycling, but the interactive effects of multiple simultaneous environmental changes are poorly understood. Effects of these changes on the production of nitrous oxide (N2O), an important greenhouse gas, could accelerate climate change. We assessed the responses of soil N2O fluxes to elevated CO2, heat, altered precipitation, and enhanced nitrogen deposition, as well as their interactions, in an annual grassland at the Jasper Ridge Global Change Experiment (CA, USA). Measurements were conducted after 6, 7 and 8 years of treatments. Elevated precipitation increased N2O efflux, especially in combination with added nitrogen and heat. Path analysis supported the idea that increased denitrification due to increased soil water content and higher labile carbon availability best explained increased N2O efflux, with a smaller, indirect contribution from nitrification. In our data and across the literature, single-factor responses tended to overestimate interactive responses, except when global change was combined with disturbance by fire, in which case interactive effects were large. Thus, for chronic global environmental changes, higher order interactions dampened responses of N2O efflux to multiple global environmental changes, but interactions were strongly positive when global change was combined with disturbance. Testing whether these responses are general should be a high priority for future research.

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Acknowledgments

We thank Christian Andreassi, Nona Chiariello, Jessica Gutknecht, Yuka Otsuki Estrada and Alison Rountree for their help at the JRGCE. The JRGCE was supported by the US National Science Foundation, the US Department of Energy, the Carnegie Institution for Science, and the Jasper Ridge Biological Preserve at Stanford University. This work was supported by the US National Science Foundation (DEB-0092642, DEB-0445324).

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  1. Joseph C. Blankinship

    Present address: School of Natural Sciences and Sierra Nevada Research Institute, University of California, 5200 North Lake Road, Merced, CA, 95343, USA

  2. Audrey Niboyet

    Present address: Laboratoire Biogéochimie et Ecologie des Milieux Continentaux, AgroParisTech, UMR 7618 Université Pierre et Marie Curie/CNRS/AgroParisTech, 78850, Thiverval Grignon, France

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Biological Sciences and Merriam-Powell Center for Environmental Research, Northern Arizona University, Flagstaff, AZ, 86011, USA

    Jamie R. Brown, Joseph C. Blankinship, Kees Jan van Groenigen, Paul Dijkstra & Bruce A. Hungate

  2. Laboratoire Ecologie, Systématique et Evolution, UMR 8079 Université Paris-Sud 11/CNRS/AgroParisTech, Université Paris-Sud 11, 91405, Orsay, France

    Audrey Niboyet

  3. Laboratoire d’Ecologie Microbienne, Université de Lyon, Université Lyon 1, UMR CNRS 5557, USC INRA 1193, 43 boulevard du 11 novembre 1918, 69622, Villeurbanne, France

    Xavier Le Roux

  4. Laboratoire Ecologie, Systématique et Evolution, Université Paris-Sud, UMR 8079 Université Paris-Sud/CNRS/AgroParisTech, 91405, Orsay, France

    Paul W. Leadley

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  1. Jamie R. Brown
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Brown, J.R., Blankinship, J.C., Niboyet, A. et al. Effects of multiple global change treatments on soil N2O fluxes. Biogeochemistry 109, 85–100 (2012). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10533-011-9655-2

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