Abstract
When chlorinated alkanes are present as soil or groundwater pollutants, they often occur in mixtures. This study evaluated substrate interactions during the anaerobic reductive dehalogenation of chlorinated alkanes by the type strains of two Dehalogenimonas species, D. lykanthroporepellens and D. alkenigignens. Four contaminant mixtures comprised of combinations of the chlorinated solvents 1,2-dichloroethane (1,2-DCA), 1,2-dichloropropane (1,2-DCP), and 1,1,2-trichloroethane (1,1,2-TCA) were assessed for each species. Chlorinated solvent depletion and daughter product formation determined as a function of time following inoculation into anaerobic media revealed preferential dechlorination of 1,1,2-TCA over both 1,2-DCA and 1,2-DCP for both species. 1,2-DCA in particular was not dechlorinated until 1,1,2-TCA reached low concentrations. In contrast, both species concurrently dechlorinated 1,2-DCA and 1,2-DCP over a comparably large concentration range. This is the first report of substrate interactions during chlorinated alkane dehalogenation by pure cultures, and the results provide insights into the chlorinated alkane transformation processes that may be expected for contaminant mixtures in environments where Dehalogenimonas spp. are present.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Adamson DT, Parkin GF (1999) Biotransformation of mixtures of chlorinated aliphatic hydrocarbons by an acetate-grown methanogenic enrichment culture. Water Res 33:1482–1494. doi:10.1016/S0043-1354(98)00344-3
Adamson DT, Parkin GF (2000) Impact of mixtures of chlorinated aliphatic hydrocarbons on a high-rate, tetrachloroethane-dechlorinating enrichment culture. Environ Sci Technol 34:1959–1965. doi:10.1021/es990809f
Aulenta F, Bianchi A, Majone M, Papini MP, Potalivo M, Tandoi V (2005) Assessment of the potential for natural or enhanced in situ bioremediation at a chlorinated solvent-contaminated aquifer in Italy: a microcosm study. Environ Int 31:185–190. doi:10.1016/j.envint.2004.09.014
Bowman KS, Moe WM, Rash B, Bae HS, Rainey FA (2006) Bacterial diversity of an acidic Louisiana groundwater contaminated by dense nonaquaeous-phase liquid containing chloroethanes and other solvents. FEMS Microbiol Ecol 58:120–133. doi:10.1111/j.1574-6941.2006.00146.x
Bowman KS, Rainey FA, Moe WM (2009) Production of hydrogen by Clostridium species in the presence of chlorinated solvents. FEMS Microbiol Lett 290:188–194. doi:10.1111/j.1574-6968.2008.01419.x
Bowman KS, Nobre MF, da Costa MS, Rainey FA, Moe WM (2013) Dehalogenimonas alkenigignens sp. nov., a chlorinated alkane dehalogenating bacterium isolated from groundwater. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 63:1492–1498. doi:10.1099/ijs.0.045054-0
Chan WWM, Grostern A, Löffler FE, Edwards EA (2011) Quantifying the effects of 1,1,1-trichloroethane and 1,1-dichloroethane on chlorinated ethene reductive dehalogenases. Environ Sci Technol 45:9693–9702. doi:10.1021/es201260n
De Wildeman S, Verstraete W (2003) The quest for microbial reductive dechlorination of C2 to C4 chloroalkanes is warranted. Appl Microbiol Biotech 61:94–102. doi:10.1007/s00253-002-1174-6
De Wildeman S, Diekert G, Van Langenhove H, Verstraete W (2003) Stereoselective microbial dehalorespiration with vicinal dechlorinated alkanes. Appl Environ Microbiol 69:5643–5647. doi:10.1128/AEM.69.9.5643-5647.2003
Dolfing J (2003) Thermodynamic considerations for dehalogenation. In: Häggblom MM, Bossert ID (eds) Dehalogenation: microbial processes and environmental applications. Kluwer Academic Publishers, Boston, pp 89–114
Grostern A, Edwards EA (2006) A 1,1,1-trichloroethane-degrading anaerobic mixed microbial culture enhances biotransformation of mixtures of chlorinated ethenes and ethanes. Appl Environ Microbiol 72:7849–7856. doi:10.1128/AEM.01269-06
Hughes JB, Parkin GF (1996) Individual biotransformation rates in chlorinated aliphatic mixtures. J Environ Eng 122:99–106. doi:10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9372(1996)122:2(99)
Inoue A, Horikoshi K (1991) Estimation of solvent-tolerance of bacteria by the solvent parameter log P. J Ferment Bioeng 71:194–196. doi:10.1016/0922-338X(91)90109-T
Jones EJP, Voytek MA, Lorah MM, Kirshtein JD (2006) Characterization of a microbial consortium capable of rapid and simultaneous dechlorination of 1,1,2,2-tetrachloroethane and chlorinated ethane and ethene intermediates. Bioremediat J 10:153–168. doi:10.1080/10889860601021399
Kieboom J, de Bont JAM (2000) Mechanisms of organic solvent resistance in bacteria. In: Storz G, Hengge-Aronis R (eds) Bacterial stress responses. ASM Press, Washington, pp 393–402
Löffler FE, Yan J, Ritalahti KM, Adrian L, Edwards EA, Konstantinidis KT, Muller JA, Fullerton H, Zinder SH, Sporman AM (2013) Dehalococcoides mccartyi gen. nov., sp. nov., obligately organohalide-respiring anaerobic bacteria relevant to halogen cycling and bioremediation, belong to a novel bacterial class, Dehalococcoidia classis nov., order Dehalococcoidales ord. nov. and family Dehalococcoidaceae fam. nov., within the phylum Chloroflexi. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 63:625–635. doi:10.1099/ijs.0.034926-0
Maness AD, Bowmann KS, Yan J, Rainey FA, Moe WM (2012) Dehalogenimonas spp. can reductively dehalogenate high concentrations of 1,2-dichloroethane, 1,2-dichloropropane, and 1,1,2-trichloroethane. AMB Express 2:54–60. doi:10.1186/2191-0855-2-54
Maymó-Gatell X, Chien Y, Gossett J, Zinder S (1997) Isolation of a bacterium that reductively dechlorinates tetrachloroethene to ethene. Science 276:1568–1571. doi:10.1126/science.276.5318.1568
Moe WM, Yan J, Nobre MF, da Costa MS, Rainey FA (2009) Dehalogenimonas lykanthroporepellens gen. nov., sp. nov., a reductive dehalogenating bacterium isolated from chlorinated solvent contaminated groundwater. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 59:2692–2697. doi:10.1099/ijs.0.011502-0
Schanke CA, Wackett LP (1992) Environmental reductive elimination reactions of polychlorinated ethanes mimicked by transition-metal coenzymes. Environ Sci Technol 26:830–833. doi:10.1021/es00028a025
Siddaramappa S, Challacombe JF, Delano SF, Green LD, Daligault H, Bruce D, Detter C, Tapia R, Han S, Goodwin L, Han J, Woyke T, Pitluck S, Pennacchio L, Nolan M, Land M, Chang Y, Kyrpides NC, Ovchinnikova G, Hauser L, Lapidus A, Yan J, Bowman KS, da Costa MS, Rainey FA, Moe WM (2012) Complete genome sequence of Dehalogenimonas lykanthroporepellens type strain (BL-DC-9T) and comparison to “Dehalococcoides” strains. Standards in Genomic Sci 6:251–264. doi:10.4056/sigs.2806097
Sikkema J, de Bont JAM, Poolman B (1994) Interaction of cyclic hydrocarbons with biological membranes. J Biol Chem 269:8022–8028
Sikkema J, de Bont JAM, Poolman B (1995) Mechanism of membrane toxicity of hydrocarbons. Microbiol Rev 59:201–222
Suyama A, Iwakiri R, Kai K, Tokunaga T, Sera N, Furukawa K (2001) Isolation and characterization of Desulfitobacterium sp. strain Y51 capable of efficient dehalogenation of tetrachloroethene and polychloroethanes. Biosci Biotechnol Biochem 65:1474–1481. doi:10.1271/bbb.65.1474
United States Environmental Protection Agency (1996) BIOSCREEN, Natural Attenuation Decision Support System, User’s Manual, Version 1.3. Publication No. EPA/600/R-96/087
United States Environmental Protection Agency (2000) BIOCHLOR, Natural Attenuation Decision Support System, User’s Manual, Version 1.0. Publication No. EPA/600/R-00/008
United States Environmental Protection Agency (2012) Search superfund site information. http://cfpub.epa.gov/supercpad/cursites/srchsites.cfm. Accessed 7 Jun 2012
Westrick JJ, Mello JW, Thomas RF (1984) The groundwater supply survey. J Am Water Works Assoc 5:52–59
Yan J, Rash BA, Rainey FA, Moe WM (2009a) Isolation of novel bacteria within the Chloroflexi capable of reductive dechlorination of 1,2,3-trichloropropane. Environ Microbiol 11:833–843. doi:10.1111/j.1462-2920.2008.01804.x
Yan J, Rash BA, Rainey FA, Moe WM (2009b) Detection and quantification of Dehalogenimonas and “Dehalococcoides” populations via PCR-based protocols targeting 16S rRNA genes. Appl Environ Microbiol 75:7560–7564. doi:10.1128/AEM.01938-09
Yu R, Peethambaram HS, Falta RW, Verce MF, Henderson JK, Bagwell CE, Brigmon RL, Freedman DL (2013) Kinetics of 1,2-dichloroethane and 1,2-dibromoethane biodegradation in anaerobic enrichment cultures. Appl Environ Microbiol 79:1359–1367. doi:10.1128/AEM.02163-12
Acknowledgments
This research was funded by NPC Services, Inc. and the Governor’s Biotechnology Initiative of the Louisiana Board of Regents Grant BOR#15 Enhancement of the LSU Hazardous Substance Research Center Environmental Biotechnology Initiative.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Dillehay, J.L., Bowman, K.S., Yan, J. et al. Substrate interactions in dehalogenation of 1,2-dichloroethane, 1,2-dichloropropane, and 1,1,2-trichloroethane mixtures by Dehalogenimonas spp.. Biodegradation 25, 301–312 (2014). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10532-013-9661-2
Received:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10532-013-9661-2