Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Short-term periodicities in interplanetary, geomagnetic and solar phenomena during solar cycle 24

  • Original Article
  • Published:
Astrophysics and Space Science Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

In this paper we study the quasi-periodic variations of sunspot area/number, 10.7 cm solar radio flux, Average Photospheric Magnetic Flux, interplanetary magnetic field (B z ) and the geomagnetic activity index A p during the ascending phase of the current solar cycle 24. We use both Lomb-Scargle periodogram and wavelet analysis technique and find evidence for a multitude of quasi-periodic oscillations in all the data sets. In high frequency range (10 days to 100 days), both methods yield similar significance periodicities around 20–35 days and 45–60 days in all data sets. In the case of intermediate range, the significant periods were around 100–130 days, 140–170 days and 180–240 days The Morlet wavelet power spectrum shows that all of the above-mentioned periods are intermittent in nature. We find that the well-known “Rieger period” of (150–160 days) and near Rieger periods (130–190 days) were significant in both solar, interplanetary magnetic field and geomagnetic activity data sets during cycle 24. The geomagnetic activity is the result of the solar wind-magnetosphere interaction. Thus the variations in the detected periodicity in variety of solar, interplanetary and geomagnetic indices could be helpful to improve our knowledge of the inter-relationship between various processes in the Sun-Earth-Heliosphere system.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Fig. 1
Fig. 2
Fig. 3
Fig. 4
Fig. 5
Fig. 6
Fig. 7

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  • Ahluwalia, H.S., Ygbuhay, R.C.: Status of galactic cosmic ray recovery from sunspot cycle 23 modulation. In: Twelfth International Solar Wind Conference. AIP Conference Proceedings, vol. 1216, pp. 699–702 (2010)

    Google Scholar 

  • Ataç, T., Özgüç, A., Rybak, J.: Periodicities in irradiance and in other solar activity indices during cycle 23. Sol. Phys. 237(2), 433–444 (2006)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  • Bai, T.: Periodicities of the flare occurrence rate in solar cycle 19. Astrophys. J. 318, L85–L91 (1987). Part 2. Letters to the Editor. ISSN 0004-637X.

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  • Bai, T.: The 77 day periodicity in the flare rate of cycle 22. Astrophys. J. 388, L69–L72 (1992). Part 2. Letters. ISSN 0004-637X

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  • Bai, T.: Periodicities in solar flare occurrence: analysis of cycles 19–23. Astrophys. J. 591(1), 406–415 (2003)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  • Bai, T., Sturrock, P.A.: The 152-day periodicity of the solar flare occurrence rate. Nature 327, 601–604 (1987). ISSN 0028-0836

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  • Bai, T., Sturrock, P.A.: The 154-day and related periodicities of solar activity as subharmonics of a fundamental period. Nature 350, 141–143 (1991). ISSN 0028-0836

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  • Bai, T., Sturrock, P.A.: Evidence for a fundamental period of the Sun and its relation to the 154 day complex of periodicities. Astrophys. J. 409(1), 476–486 (1993). Part 1. ISSN 0004-637X

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  • Ballester, J.L., Oliver, R., Carbonell, M.: The near 160 day periodicity in the photospheric magnetic flux. Astrophys. J. 566(1), 505–511 (2002)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  • Ballester, J.L., Oliver, R., Carbonell, M.: Return of the near 160 day periodicity in the photospheric magnetic flux during solar cycle 23. Astrophys. J. 615(2), L173–L176 (2004)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  • Bogart, R.S., Bai, T.: Confirmation of a 152 day periodicity in the occurrence of solar flares inferred from microwave data. Astrophys. J. 299, L51–L55 (1985). Part 2. Letters to the Editor. ISSN 0004-637X

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  • Bouwer, S.D.: Periodicities of solar irradiance and solar activity indices. II. Sol. Phys. 142(2), 365–389 (1992). ISSN 0038-0938

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  • Cane, H.V., Richardson, I.G., von Rosenvinge, T.T.: Interplanetary magnetic field periodicity of ∼153 days. Geophys. Res. Lett. 25(24), 4437–4440 (1998)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  • Carbonell, M., Ballester, J.L.: A short-term periodicity near 155 day in sunspot areas. Astron. Astrophys. 238(1–2), 377–381 (1990). ISSN 0004-6361

    ADS  Google Scholar 

  • Choudhary, D.P., Lawrence, J.K., Norris, M., Cadavid, A.C.: Different periodicities in the sunspot area and the occurrence of solar flares and coronal mass ejections in solar cycle 23–24. Sol. Phys. 289(2), 649–656 (2014)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  • Chowdhury, P., Dwivedi, B.N.: Periodicities of sunspot number and coronal index time series during solar cycle 23. Sol. Phys. 270(1), 365–383 (2011)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  • Chowdhury, P., Khan, M., Ray, P.C.: Intermediate-term periodicities in sunspot areas during solar cycles 22 and 23. Mon. Not. R. Astron. Soc. 392(3), 1159–1180 (2009)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  • Chowdhury, P., Choudhary, D.P., Gosain, S.: A study of the hemispheric asymmetry of sunspot area during solar cycles 23 and 24. Astrophys. J. 768(2), 188 (2013a), 10 pp.

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  • Chowdhury, P., Jain, R., Awasthi, A.K.: Periodicities in the X-ray emission from the solar corona. Astrophys. J. 778(1), 28 (2013b), 9 pp.

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  • Chowdhury, P., Kudela, K., Dwivedi, B.N.: Heliospheric modulation of galactic cosmic rays during solar cycle 23. Sol. Phys. 286(2), 577–591 (2013c)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  • Chumak, O., Obridko, V., Zhang, H., Ai, G., Utrobin, V., Krasotkin, S.: Integral properties of solar active regions. Astron. Astrophys. Trans. 22(3), 335–355 (2003)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  • Dabas, R.S., Sharma, K., Das, R.M., Pillai, K.G.M., Chopra, P., Sethi, N.K.: A prediction of solar cycle 24 using a modified precursor method. Sol. Phys. 250(1), 171–181 (2008)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  • Dennis, B.R.: Solar hard X-ray bursts. Sol. Phys. 100, 465–490 (1985). ISSN 0038-0938

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  • Dikpati, M., de Toma, G., Gilman, P.A., Arge, C.N., White, O.R.: Diagnostics of polar field reversal in solar cycle 23 using a flux transport dynamo model. Astrophys. J. 601(2), 1136–1151 (2004)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  • Dimitropoulou, M., Moussas, X., Strintzi, D.: Enhanced Rieger-type periodicities’ detection in X-ray solar flares and statistical validation of Rossby waves’ existence. Mon. Not. R. Astron. Soc. 386(4), 2278–2284 (2008)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  • Donnelly, R.F., Puga, L.C.: Thirteen-day periodicity and the center-to-limb dependence of UV, EUV, and X-ray emission of solar activity. Sol. Phys. 130, 369–390 (1990). ISSN 0038-0938

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  • Gil, A., Alania, M.V.: Cycling changes in the amplitudes of the 27-day variation of the galactic cosmic ray intensity. Sol. Phys. 278(2), 447–455 (2012)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  • Gilman, P.A., Dikpati, M., Miesch, M.S.: Global MHD instabilities in a three-dimensional thin-shell model of solar tachocline. Astrophys. J. Suppl. Ser. 170(1), 203–227 (2007)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  • Hathaway, D.H.: The solar cycle. Living Rev. Sol. Phys. 7(1), 1–65 (2010)

    ADS  Google Scholar 

  • Hill, M.E., Hamilton, D.C., Krimigis, S.M.: Periodicity of 151 days in outer heliospheric anomalous cosmic ray fluxes. J. Geophys. Res. 106(A5), 8315–8322 (2001)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  • Horne, J.H., Baliunas, S.L.: A prescription for period analysis of unevenly sampled time series. Astrophys. J. 302, 757–763 (1986). Part 1. ISSN 0004-637X

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  • Howard, R.: Magnetic field rotation at high solar latitudes. Sol. Phys. 59, 243–248 (1978)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  • Kilcik, A., Özgüç, A., Rozelot, J.P., Ataç, T.: Periodicities in solar flare index for cycles 21–23 revisited. Sol. Phys. 264(1), 255–268 (2010)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  • Kile, J.N., Cliver, E.W.: A search for the 154 day periodicity in the occurrence rate of solar flares using Ottawa 2.8 GHz burst data, 1955–1990. Astrophys. J. 370, 442–448 (1991). Part 1. ISSN 0004-637X

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  • Kiliç, H.: Midrange periodicities in sunspot numbers and flare index during solar cycle 23. Astron. Astrophys. 481(1), 235–238 (2008)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  • Knaack, R., Stenflo, J.O., Berdyugina, S.V.: Evolution and rotation of large-scale photospheric magnetic fields of the Sun during cycles 21–23. Periodicities, north-south asymmetries and r-mode signatures. Astron. Astrophys. 438(3), 1067–1082 (2005)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  • Krivova, N.A., Solanki, S.K.: The 1.3-year and 156-day periodicities in sunspot data: wavelet analysis suggests a common origin. Astron. Astrophys. 394, 701–706 (2002)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  • Krivova, N.A., Balmaceda, L., Solanki, S.K.: Reconstruction of solar total irradiance since 1700 from the surface magnetic flux. Astron. Astrophys. 467(1), 335–346 (2007)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  • Kudela, K., Ananth, A.G., Venkatesan, D.: The low-frequency spectral behavior of cosmic ray intensity. J. Geophys. Res. 96, 15871–15875 (1991) ISSN 0148-0227

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  • Kudela, K., Rybák, J., Antalová, A., Storini, M.: Time evolution of low-frequency periodicities in cosmic ray intensity. Sol. Phys. 205(1), 165–175 (2002)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  • Kudela, K., Mavromichalaki, H., Papaioannou, A., Gerontidou, M.: On mid-term periodicities in cosmic rays. Sol. Phys. 266(1), 173–180 (2010)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  • Lara, A., Borgazzi, A., Mendes, O. Jr., Rosa, R.R., Domingues, M.O.: Short-period fluctuations in coronal mass ejection activity during solar cycle 23. Sol. Phys. 248(1), 155–166 (2008)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  • Lean, J.: Evolution of the 155 day periodicity in sunspot areas during solar cycles 12 to 21. Astrophys. J. 363, 718–727 (1990). Part 1. ISSN 0004-637X

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  • Livingston, W.: Sunspots observed to physically weaken in 2000–2001. Sol. Phys. 207(1), 41–45 (2002)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  • Lobzin, V.V., Cairns, I.H., Robinson, P.A.: Rieger-type periodicity in the occurrence of solar type III radio bursts. Astrophys. J. Lett. 754(2), L28 (2012), 5 pp.

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  • Lomb, N.R.: Least-squares frequency analysis of unequally spaced data. Astrophys. Space Sci. 39, 447–462 (1976)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  • Lou, Y.-Q.: Rossby-type wave-induced periodicities in flare activities and sunspot areas or groups during solar maxima. Astrophys. J. 540(2), 1102–1108 (2000)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  • Lou, Y.-Q., Wang, Y.-M., Fan, Z., Wang, S., Wang, J.X.: Periodicities in solar coronal mass ejections. Mon. Not. R. Astron. Soc. 345(3), 809–818 (2003)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  • Mavromichalaki, H., Preka-Papadema, P., Petropoulos, B., Tsagouri, I., Georgakopoulos, S., Polygiannakis, J.: Low- and high-frequency spectral behavior of cosmic-ray intensity for the period 1953–1996. Ann. Geophys. 21(8), 1681–1689 (2003a)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  • Mavromichalaki, H., Preka-Papadema, P., Petropoulos, B., Vassilaki, A., Tsagouri, I.: Time evolution of cosmic-ray intensity and solar flare index at the maximum phase of cycles 21 and 22. J. Atmos. Sol.-Terr. Phys. 65(9), 1021–1033 (2003b)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  • Mewaldt, R.A., et al.: Record-setting cosmic-ray intensities in 2009 and 2010. Astrophys. J. Lett. 723(1), L1–L6 (2010)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  • Mursula, K., Zieger, B.: The 13.5-day periodicity in the Sun, solar wind, and geomagnetic activity: the last three solar cycles. J. Geophys. Res. 101(A12), 27077–27090 (1996)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  • Oliver, R., Ballester, J.L.: Short-term periodicities in sunspot areas during solar cycle 22. Sol. Phys. 156(1), 145–155 (1995). ISSN 0038-0938

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  • Oliver, R., Ballester, J.L., Baudin, F.: Emergence of magnetic flux on the Sun as the cause of a 158-day periodicity in sunspot areas. Nature 394(6693), 552–553 (1998)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  • Ozguc, A., Atac, T.: The 73-day periodicity of the flare index during the current solar cycle 22. Sol. Phys. 150(1–2), 339–346 (1994)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  • Pap, J., Bouwer, S.D., David, S., Tobiska, W.K.: Periodicities of solar irradiance and solar activity indices. Sol. Phys. 129, 165–189 (1990). ISSN 0038-0938

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  • Penn, M.J., Livingston, W.: Temporal changes in sunspot umbral magnetic fields and temperatures. Astrophys. J. 649(1), L45–L48 (2006)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  • Penn, M.J., Livingston, W.: Long-term evolution of sunspot magnetic fields. In: The Physics of Sun and Star Spots, Proceedings of the International Astronomical Union. IAU Symposium, vol. 273, pp. 126–133 (2011)

    Google Scholar 

  • Pesnell, W.D.: Predictions of solar cycle 24. Sol. Phys. 252(1), 209–220 (2008)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  • Pesnell, W.D.: Predicting solar cycle 24 using a geomagnetic precursor pair. Sol. Phys. 289(6), 2317–2331 (2014)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  • Pesnell, W.D.: Solar cycle predictions (invited review). Sol. Phys. 281(1), 507–532 (2012)

    ADS  Google Scholar 

  • Prabhakaran Nayar, S.R., Radhika, V.N., Revathy, K., Ramadas, V.: Wavelet analysis of solar, solar wind and geomagnetic parameters. Sol. Phys. 208(2), 359–373 (2002)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  • Press, W.H., Teukolsky, S.A.: Numerical Recipes in C, pp. 575–583. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge (2001)

    Google Scholar 

  • Pulkkinen, T.: Space weather: terrestrial perspective. Living Rev. Sol. Phys. 4(1), 1–60 (2007)

    ADS  Google Scholar 

  • Rezaei, R., Beck, C., Schmidt, W.: Variation in sunspot properties between 1999 and 2011 as observed with the Tenerife Infrared Polarimeter. Astron. Astrophys. 541, A60 (2012), 9 pp.

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  • Richardson, I.G.: Geomagnetic activity during the rising phase of solar cycle 24. J. Space Weather Space Clim. 3, A08 (2013), 11 pp.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Richardson, I.G., Cane, H.V.: The ∼150 day quasi-periodicity in interplanetary and solar phenomena during cycle 23. Geophys. Res. Lett. 32(2), L02104 (2005)

    ADS  Google Scholar 

  • Rieger, E., Kanbach, G., Reppin, C., Share, G.H., Forrest, D.J., Chupp, E.L.: A 154-day periodicity in the occurrence of hard solar flares? Nature 312, 623–625 (1984). ISSN 0028-0836

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  • Sabbah, I., Kudela, K.: Third harmonic of the 27 day periodicity of galactic cosmic rays: Coupling with interplanetary parameters. J. Geophys. Res. 116(A4), A04103 (2011)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  • Scargle, J.D.: Studies in astronomical time series analysis. II. Statistical aspects of spectral analysis of unevenly spaced data. Astrophys. J. 263, 835–853 (1982). Part 1

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  • Schad, T.A.: On the collective magnetic field strength and vector structure of dark umbral cores measured by the Hinode spectropolarimeter. Sol. Phys. 1477–1498 (2013)

  • Singh, Y.P., Badruddin: Prominent short-, mid-, and long-term periodicities in solar and geomagnetic activity: wavelet analysis. Planet. Space Sci. 96, 120–124 (2014)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  • Singh, Y.P., Gautam, S., Badruddin: Temporal variations of short- and mid-term periodicities in solar wind parameters and cosmic ray intensity. J. Atmos. Sol.-Terr. Phys. 89, 48–53 (2012)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  • Solanki, S.K., Krivova, N.A., Haigh, J.D.: Solar irradiance variability and climate. Annu. Rev. Astron. Astrophys. 51(1), 311–351 (2013)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  • Sturrock, P.A., Scargle, J.D., Walther, G., Wheatland, M.S.: Rotational signature and possible R-mode signature in the GALLEX solar neutrino data. Astrophys. J. 523(2), L177–L180 (1999)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  • Torrence, C., Compo, G.P.: A practical guide to wavelet analysis. Bull. Am. Meteorol. Soc. 79(1), 61–78 (1998)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  • Ye, N., Zhu, F.R., Zhou, X.M., Jia, H.Y.: Short-term periodicity in solar mean magnetic field during activity maximum and minimum periods. Sol. Phys. 279(2), 411–418 (2012)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  • Zaqarashvili, T.V., Carbonell, M., Oliver, R., Ballester, J.L.: Magnetic Rossby waves in the solar tachocline and Rieger-type periodicities. Astrophys. J. 709(2), 749–758 (2010)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

Download references

Acknowledgements

This work utilizes SOLIS data obtained by the NSO Integrated Synoptic Program (NISP), managed by the National Solar Observatory, which is operated by the Association of Universities for Research in Astronomy (AURA), Inc. under a cooperative agreement with the National Science Foundation. Wavelet software provided by C. Torrence and G. Compo is also gratefully acknowledged.

This work was supported by the BK21 plus program through the National Research Foundation (NRF) funded by the Ministry of Education of Korea.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. University of Calcutta, 87/1, College Street, Kolkata, 700 073, India

    Partha Chowdhury

  2. School of Space Research, Kyung Hee University, Yongin, 446-701, South Korea

    Partha Chowdhury & Y.-J. Moon

  3. Department of Physics and Astronomy, California State University Northridge, Mail Stop: 8268, 18111 Nordhoff Street, Northridge, CA, 91330, USA

    D. P. Choudhary

  4. National solar Observatory, 950 N Cherry Avenue, Tuscan, AZ, 85719, USA

    S. Gosain

Authors
  1. Partha Chowdhury
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. D. P. Choudhary
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. S. Gosain
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  4. Y.-J. Moon
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding authors

Correspondence to Partha Chowdhury or Y.-J. Moon.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this article

Chowdhury, P., Choudhary, D.P., Gosain, S. et al. Short-term periodicities in interplanetary, geomagnetic and solar phenomena during solar cycle 24. Astrophys Space Sci 356, 7–18 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10509-014-2188-0

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10509-014-2188-0

Keywords

Search

Navigation