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Ascorbic acid enhanced the growth performance, oxidative status, and resistance to Aeromonas hydrophila challenge of juvenile grass carp (Ctenopharyngodon idella)

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Abstract

This study was conducted to examine the dietary ascorbic acid requirement and effects on growth performance, oxidative status, and disease resistance in juvenile grass carp (Ctenopharyngodon idella). Triplicate groups of 30 fish weighting 3.39 ± 0.03 g were fed with diets containing graded levels of ascorbic acid (18.9, 71.8, 118.7, 169.9, 321.1, and 618.5 mg kg−1) in a recirculating rearing system for 8 weeks. No significant differences in growth performance among all groups were observed (P > 0.05). Diet with 321.1 mg kg−1 ascorbic acid significantly increased the feed intake (P < 0.05). Meanwhile, the expression of liver peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors-γ and uncoupling protein 2 were significantly declined (P < 0.05). Subsequently, a challenge test was conducted by injection of Aeromonas hydrophila (2.4 × 105 CFU cells mL−1 per fish) and fish fed with ascorbic acid shown a better liver oxidation status (e.g., superoxide dismutase and glutathione peroxidase) than the control diet (P < 0.05). The optimum dietary ascorbic acid concentration was about 155 mg kg−1 basing on the oxidation status in liver. Nevertheless, the broken-line model indicated that the optimal level for juvenile grass carp is about 310 mg kg−1.

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Funding

The work was financially supported by the funds of Guangdong Marine Economy Promotion Projects (MEPP) Fund (GDOE[2019]A, No. 26), Guangdong Provincial Special Fund For Modern Agriculture Industry Technology Innovation Teams, Department of Agriculture and Rurual Affairs of Guangdong Province (2019KJ150), National Natural Science Foundation of China (31202007), Administration of Ocean and Fisheries of Guangdong Province (A201601C08) and Guangdong Science and Technology Department (2016A020210072).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. College of Marine Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510640, China

    Qing Han, Jin Peng, Liliu Zhou & Lian Gan

  2. College of Food Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510640, China

    Hongbo Fan

  3. School of Marine Sciences & Joint Laboratory of Guangdong Province and Hong Kong Region on Marine Bioresource Conservation and Exploitation, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510640, China

    Lian Gan

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  1. Qing Han
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Correspondence to Lian Gan.

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Qing Han and Hongbo Fan are co-first author.

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Han, Q., Fan, H., Peng, J. et al. Ascorbic acid enhanced the growth performance, oxidative status, and resistance to Aeromonas hydrophila challenge of juvenile grass carp (Ctenopharyngodon idella). Aquacult Int 28, 15–30 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10499-019-00440-z

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